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Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Penerapan Kebijakan Pengurangan Kantong Plastik sebagai Upaya Mengurangi Sampah Plastik di Kota Padang

Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Andalas Sumatera Barat 25163, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2023 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Jumlah timbulan sampah di Kota Padang pada tahun 2019 adalah sebesar 624,24 ton/ hari. Berdasarkan data tersebut sebesar 62,42 ton/hari sampah tidak terkelola. Jumlah sampah yang diangkut ke TPA setiap hari sekitar 400 sampai 600 ton, dan sekitar 15 % nya merupakan sampah plastik. Pembatasan penggunaan kantong plastik sekali pakai di Kota Padang mengacu kepada Perwaliko nomor 36 tahun 2018. Hasil survei awal menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 50 % responden memiliki pengetahuan rendah dan 60 % sikap negatif dan 60 % responden memiliki partisipasi rendah mengenai penerapan kebijakan pengurangan kantong plastik di Kota Padang. Untuk mencapai keberhasilan penerapan kebijakan ini diperlukan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penanganan sampah plastik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat dengan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penerapan kebijakan pengurangan kantong plastik sebagai upaya mengurangi sampah plastik di Kota Padang.

Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan crossectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 180 responden dengan lokasi penelitian yaitu di pusat perbelanjaan modern (Transmart Padang), toko modern (Minimarket Budiman) dan pasar tradisional (Pasar Raya Padang). Lokasi dipilih sesuai dengan Peraturan Walikota Padang terkait penerapan kebijakan penggunaan kantong plastik di Kota Padang. Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah accidental sampling. Analisis data menggunakan univariat dan bivariat.

Hasil: Sebanyak 51,1 % responden memiliki partisipasi masyarakat yang kurang baik, 34,4 % responden memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah tentang kebijakan pengurangan penggunaan kantong plastik, 41,1 % responden memiliki sikap yang negatif terhadap kebijakan penggunaan kantong plastik.. Terdapat hubungan pengetahuan (p=0,006), sikap (0,043) dengan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penerapan kebijakan pengurangan kantong plastik sebagai upaya mengurangi sampah  plastik di Kota Padang.

Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penerapan kebijakan pengurangan kantong plastik sebagai upaya mengurangi sampah  plastik di Kota Padang.

 

ABSTRACT

Title: Knowledge, Attitude, and Public Participation in The Implementation of Plastic Bag Reduction Policies as an Effort to Reduce Plastic Waste in Padang City

Background: The amount of waste generated in Padang City in 2019 was 624.24 tons/day. Based on these data, 62.42 tons/day of unmanaged waste. The amount of waste that is transported to landfills is around 400 to 600 tons/day, and about 15% of it is plastic waste. Restrictions on the use of single-use plastics bags in the city of Padang refer to Perwaliko number 36 of 2018. To achieve the successful implementation of this policy, community participation in handling plastic waste is required. Establish the correlation between knowledge and attitudes with community participation in implementing plastic bag reduction policies as an attempt to minimize plastic waste in the city of Padang is the aim of this study

Method: The type of research is analytic observational with a cross-sectional design. The number of samples was 180 respondents with the research locations being in modern shopping centers (Transmart Padang), modern shops (Minimarket Budiman), and traditional markets (Pasar Raya Padang). The choice of location was in accordance with the Mayor of Padang Regulation regarding the implementation of the policy of using plastic bags in the City of Padang. The sampling used was accidental sampling. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis.

Result: 51.1% of respondents had poor community participation, 34.4% of respondents had low knowledge, and 41.1% of respondents had negative attitudes. As many as 38% of respondents stated that plastic waste can cause pollution, and 22% can release toxic substances into the environment. There is a relationship between knowledge (p = 0.006), and attitude (0.043) with community participation in the application of plastic bag reduction policies as an attempt to minimize plastic waste in the city of Padang.

Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes with community participation in the implementation of plastic bag reduction policies as an attempt to minimize plastic waste in the city of Padang.

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Subject Partisipasi, Masyarakat, Sampah Plastik
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Subject Partisipasi, Masyarakat, Sampah Plastik
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Subject CTA JKLI Novia Wirna Putri
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Keywords: Partisipasi; Masyarakat; Sampah Plastik

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