DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.23.1.41-49

Strategi Administrasi dan Lingkungan Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Berdasarkan Kinerja Petugas di Puskesmas Kabupaten Jember

1Jurusan ilmu kesehatan masyarakat, Universitas Jember, jl. Kalimantan Tegalboto No.37, Krajan Timur, Sumbersari, Kec. Sumbersari, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur 68121, Indonesia

2Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Jember, jl. Kalimantan Tegalboto No.37, Krajan Timur, Sumbersari, Kec. Sumbersari, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur 68121, Indonesia

3Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Jember, jl. Kalimantan Tegalboto No.37, Krajan Timur, Sumbersari, Kec. Sumbersari, Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur 68121, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2024 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar Belakang: Hasil survei dan data Dinas Kesehatan tahun 2021 menyatakan bahwa Puskesmas Kabupaten Jember memiliki perawatan rawat inap yang dapat menghasilkan timbulan limbah sebanyak 15-70,5kg setiap minggu. Pengelolaan limbah medis di Puskesmas Kabupaten Jember masih belum memenuhi standar mulai dari pemilahan hingga penyimpanan di tempat penampungan sementara. Permasalahan yang ditemukan, masih terdapat petugas Puskesmas yang membuang limbah medis tidak sesuai fungsinya, pengangkutan limbah medis tidak dilakukan 1x24 jam dan penyimpanan limbah medis di TPS lebih dari 2x24 jam. Pengelolaan limbah apabila tidak dilakukan dengan optimal dapat menimbulkan berbagai penyakit, terutama infeksi nosokomial. Pengelolaan limbah padat di Puskesmas harus dilakukan dengan benar, efektif dan memenuhi persyaratan sanitasi, sehingga perlu adanya strategi dalam pengelolaan limbah medis di Puskesmas.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian  analitik observasional dengan  desain  rancang cross sectional di 11 Puskesmas Kabupaten Jember. Populasi dan sampel sebanyak 90 responden yaitu petugas kebersihan, dokter, bidan, perwat, apoteker dan tenaga teknis kefarmasian (TTK), dengan mengamati variabel bebas sumber daya, kepemimpinan, struktur, design pekerjaan, imbalan dan variabel terikat yaitu pengelolaan limbah medis. Data  hasil  kuesioner dianalisis menggunakan uji Rank Spearman’s dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis SWOT.

Hasil: Hasil analisis administrasi diketahui perlu adanya peningakatan pemanfaatan struktur organisasi mandiri, meningkatkan dan mengoptimalkan penambahan anggaran sarana dan prasarana, implementasi Dinas kesehatan membuat MOU dengan pihak ke 3 terkait pengelolaan limbah medis untuk wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kabupaten Jember. Hasil strategi lingkungan perlu adanya promosi peningkatan kinerja petugas guna meningkatkan PHBS lingkungan, Puskesmas memaksimalkan penyimpanan limbah medis guna meningkatkan kualitas penyimpanan dan mendesain ulang tempat penyimpanan sementara limbah medis.

Simpulan: Sumber daya, kepemimpinan, desain pekerjaan dan struktur berhubungan dengan pengelolaan limbah medis sedangkan, imbalan tidak berhubungan dengan pengelolaan limbah medis. sumber daya, kepemimpinan, desain pekerjaan, struktur organisasi dan imbalan berperan penting dalam peningkatan kinerja pengelolaan limbah medis di Puskesmas Kabupaten Jember.

 

ABSTRACT

Title: Administrative and Environmental Strategy for Medical Waste Management Based on the Performance of Jember District Health Center Officers

Background: Survey results and data from the Health Office in 2021 stated that the Jember Regency Health Center has inpatient care which can produce waste generation of 15-70.5kg every week. Medical waste management at the Jember Regency Health Center still does not meet the standards starting from sorting to storage in temporary shelters. Problems found, there are still health center officers who dispose of medical waste not according to its function, transportation of medical waste is not carried out 1x24 hours and storage of medical waste in TPS for more than 2x24 hours. Waste management if not done optimally can cause various diseases, especially nosocomial infections. Solid waste management at the health center must be carried out correctly, effectively and meet sanitation requirements, so it is necessary to have a strategy in managing medical waste at the health center.

Method: This study is a quantitative study. Type of observational analytic research with cross sectional design in 11 health centers in Jember Regency. The population and sample were 90 respondents, namely janitors, doctors, midwives, nurses, pharmacists and pharmaceutical technical personnel (TTK), by observing the independent variables of resources, leadership, structure, job design, rewards and the dependent variable, namely medical waste management. The data from the questionnaire was analyzed using Spearman's Rank test and analyzed using SWOT analysis.

Result: The results of the administrative analysis showed that it is necessary to increase the utilization of an independent organizational structure, improve and optimize the additional budget for facilities and infrastructure, implement the health office to make an MOU with a third party related to medical waste management for the Jember Regency Puskesmas work area. The results of the environmental strategy need to promote increased officer performance to improve environmental PHBS, Puskesmas maximize medical waste storage to improve storage quality and redesign temporary storage of medical waste.

Conclusion: Resources, leadership, job design and structure are related to medical waste management whereas, rewards are not related to medical waste management. resources, leadership, job design, organizational structure and rewards play an important role in improving the performance of medical waste management in the Puskesmas of Jember Regency.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  Turnitin
Turnitin
Subject
Type Turnitin
  Download (2MB)    Indexing metadata
 CTA
Copyright Transfer Agreement
Subject
Type CTA
  Download (229KB)    Indexing metadata
 ES
Etichal Statement
Subject
Type ES
  Download (330KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: Administrasi; Kinerja; Puskesmas; Pengelolaan limbah medis; Strategi

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Articles
Language : ID
Recent articles
Analisis Risiko Paparan Gas H2S Terhadap Pemulung di TPA Air Dingin Kota Padang Analisis Faktor Risiko Diare Pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jayapura Utara Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Baduta Di Kabupaten Bone Dan Enrekang Halaman Sampul Halaman Belakang More recent articles
Most cited articles
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Keracunan Merkuri Pada Penambang Emas Tradisional di Desa Jendi Kecamatan Selogiri Kabupaten Wonogiri Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Angka Kuman Dalam Air Produk Air Minum Isi Ulang di Pemalang Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Gejala Neurotoksik Akibat Paparan Pestisida Pada Petani Sayuran Di Kenagarian Alahan Panjang Kabupaten Solok Analisis Risiko Kesehatan dan Kadar Timbal Dalam Darah: (Studi Pada Masyarakat yang Mengkonsumsi Tiram Bakau (Crassostrea gigas) di Sungai Tapak Kecamatan Tugu Kota Semarang) Hubungan Praktek Personal Hygiene Ibu dan Kondisi Sanitasi Lingkungan Rumah dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita di Puskesmas Kampung Dalam Kecamatan Pontianak Timur More cited articles
  1. M. Welliana, I. Efendi, and N. Aini, “Analisis Pengelolaan Limbah Medis di Puskesmas Kabupaten Aceh Timur,” J. Heal. Technol. Med., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 216–227, 2022, doi: e-ISSN:2615-109X8
  2. Z. Seprina, E. Fitria, and J. Santi, “Analisis Pengelolaan Limbah Padat Medis di RSUD Kecamatan Mandau Kabupaten Bengkalis,” J. Kesehat. Maharatu, vol. 2, no. APRIL, pp. 63–76, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://ojs.stikestengkumaharatu.ac.id/index.php/JKM/article/view/36
  3. D. S Khobragade, “Health Care Waste: Avoiding Hazards to Living and Non Living Environment by Efficient Management,” Fortune J. Heal. Sci., vol. 02, no. 02, pp. 14–29, 2019, doi: 10.26502/fjhs007
  4. A. Gusti, D. Resfita, and Putri Nilam Sari, “Determinan Penanganan Limbah Medis oleh Petugas Cleaning Service di Rumah Sakit Sansani Kota Pekanbaru,” J. Kesehat. Indones. (The Indones. J. Heal., vol. XII, no. 2, pp. 55–61, 2022
  5. Dhea, Erwin, and Amir Yufitriana, “Gambaran Pengelolaan Limbah Infeksius oleh Perawat di Ruang Rawat Inap RSUD Provinsi Riau,” J. Med. Hutama, vol. 03, no. 02, pp. 2375–2385, 2022, [Online]. Available: http://jurnalmedikahutama.com
  6. I. A. Al-Khatib, A. S. Khalaf, M. I. Al-Sari, and F. Anayah, “Medical waste management at three hospitals in Jenin district, Palestine,” Environ. Monit. Assess., vol. 192, no. 10, pp. 2–15, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7992-0
  7. M. Ansari, M. H. Ehrampoush, M. Farzadkia, and E. Ahmadi, “Dynamic Assessment of Economic and Environmental Performance Index and Generation, Composition, Environmental and Human Health Risks of Hospital Solid Waste in Developing Countries; A State of the art of Review,” Environ. Int., vol. 132, no. April, p. 105073, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105073
  8. Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., Donnelly, and J. H., Organisasi, Perilaku, Struktur, dan Proses, Jakarta. Binapura Aksara Publisher, 2008
  9. Gachuru George G., “Waste Management and its Effect on Employee Performance in Nakuru Water and Sanitation Company (NAWASCO), Kenya,” African Multidiscip. J. Res., vol. 2518–2986, no. Ii, pp. 378–390, 2022
  10. P. Agustini, R. Diah Ayu Wardhani, R. Gustia, and Y. Perdana, “Peran Sumber Daya manusia Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan ODP Sekertariat DPRD Provinsi Sumatera Selatan,” JIMPA J. Ilm. Mhs. Perbank. Syariah, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 113–122, 2022, doi: 10.36908/jimpa
  11. Sudarmanto, Kinerja dan Pengembangan Kompetensi SDM. Yogyakarta, 2009
  12. Y. Rivaldo and S. L. Ratnasari, “Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Dan Motivasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan,” J. Dimens., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 505–515, 2020, doi: 10.33373/dms.v9i3.2727
  13. T. Mwangangi, “Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction: The Role of Organizational Learning Capability,” J. Manag. Psychol., vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 368–376, 2019, doi: 10.1108/00483480810906900
  14. V. & J. S. Rivai, Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Untuk Perusahaan Dari Teori ke Praktik. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2011
  15. Marwah, M. Hasan, and M. Saleh, “Evaluasi Kinerja Pengelolaan Limbah Covid-19 di RSUD KH. Hayyung Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar,” Hig. J. Kesehat. Lingkung., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 32–36, 2021
  16. S. Ismadinah, M. A. Firdaus, and A. Marlina, “Pengaruh Analisis Pekerjaan Dan Struktur Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan,” Manag. J. Ilmu Manaj., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 395–402, 2020, doi: 10.32832/manager.v3i3.3894
  17. N. Nurlina, A. M. Kamri, and A. N. Arfah, “Evaluasi Profil Penyimpanan Obat Di Rumah Sakit Islam Faisal Kota Makassar Terhadap Pelayanan Kefarmasian,” JUMANTIK (Jurnal Ilm. Penelit. Kesehatan), vol. 7, no. 4, p. 383, 2022, doi: 10.30829/jumantik.v7i4.12638
  18. C. Nzediegwu and Scott X. Chang, “Improper Solid Waste Management Increases Potential For Covid-19 Spread In Developing Countries,” Resour. Conserv. Recycl., vol. 161, no. :104947, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.resconrec.2020.104947
  19. M. T. Nazari et al., “Incidence of healthcare waste in recycling materials cooperatives,” Eng. Sanit. e Ambient., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 271–279, 2020, doi: 10.1590/s1413-41522020185667
  20. R. Kothari et al., “COVID-19 and Waste Management in Indian Scenario: Challenges and Possible Solutions,” Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., vol. 28, no. 38, pp. 52702–52723, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-15028-5
  21. P. P. Kuppusamy et al., “Accumulation Of Biomedical Waste During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Concerns and Strategies for Effective Treatment,” Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., vol. 29, no. 37, pp. 55528–55540, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11356-022-21086-0
  22. A. Devi, K. Ravindra, M. Kaur, and R. Kumar, “Evaluation of Biomedical Waste Management Practices in Public and Private Sector of Health Care Facilities in India,” Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., vol. 26, no. 25, pp. 26082–26089, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05785-9
  23. N. R. Purwanto, S. Al Amin, A. Mardiyah, and Y. Retno, “Pengaturan Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Covid-19,” J. Yustika, vol. 23, no. 02, pp. 67–76, 2020, [Online]. Available: http://journal.ubaya.ac.id/index.php/yustika
  24. Dehal, A., A. N. Vaidya, “Biomedical Waste Generation And Management During Covid-19 Pandemic In India: Challenges And Possible Management Strategies,” Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 14830–14845, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16736-8
  25. S. V Deepak A, Dinesh K, “Developing An Effectiveness Index For Biomedical Waste Management In Indian States Using A Composite Indicators Approach,” Env. Sci Pollut Res Int, vol. 28, no. 45, pp. 64014–64029, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13940-4
  26. K. Govindan, A. K. Nasr, P. Mostafazadeh, and H. Mina, “Medical Waste Management During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Mathematical Programming Model,” Comput. Ind. Eng., vol. 162, no. September, p. 107668, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2021.107668
  27. Ronald T, J. M. L. Umboh, and W. B. S. Joseph, “Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Padat Bahan Berbahaya Beracun (B3) Di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah ( Rsud ) Piru Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat, Propinsi Maluku Pada Tahun 2018,” J. KESMAS, vol. 7, no. 5, 2018
  28. A. Neves, C. C. Maia, M. E. D. C. E. Silva, G. V. Vimieiro, and M. P. G. Mol, “Analysis of healthcare waste management in hospitals of Belo Horizonte, Brazil,” Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., vol. 29, no. (60, pp. 90601–90614, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11356-022-22113-w
  29. Golbaz S, Nabizadeh R, and Sajadi HS, “Comparative study of predicting hospital solid waste generation using multiple linear regression and artificial intelligence,” J Env. Heal Sci Eng, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 41–51, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s40201-018-00324-z
  30. G. Lema, M. G. Mesfun, A. Eshete, and G. Abdeta, “Assessment Of Status Of Solid Waste Management In Asella Town, Ethiopia,” BMC Public Health, vol. 19, no. 1261, pp. 1–7., 2019
  31. Adisasmito. W, Sistem Manajemen Lingkungan Rumah Sakit. Jakarta: PT.Raja Grafindo Persada, 2009

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-04-26 02:03:40

No citation recorded.