DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.24.1.109-115

Hubungan Antara Indikator Rumah Sehat dan Status Gizi Dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru Pada Balita di Kecamatan Sawahan, Surabaya

1Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jl. Mulyorejo. Surabaya – 60115, Indonesia

2Departemen Epidemiologi, Biostatistika, Kependudukan, dan Promosi Kesehatan, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C UNAIR, Jl. Mulyorejo. Surabaya – 60115, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2025 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Tuberkulosis merupakan penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis serta dapat ditularkan melalui droplet udara. Penyakit ini dapat diderita oleh semua kelompok umur, terutama kelompok balita. Salah satu faktor yang berisiko untuk meningkatkan kasus tuberkulosis paru pada balita adalah indikator rumah sehat dan status gizi balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara indikator rumah sehat dan status gizi dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru pada balita di Kecamatan Sawahan, Kota Surabaya.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan desain case-control. Sampel terdiri dari 18 balita dalam kelompok kasus dan 54 balita dalam kelompok kontrol. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner serta observasi. Data penelitian akan dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square.

Hasil: Hasil analisis uji statistik chi-square menujukkan bahwa jendela kamar tidur (p=0,000), keberadaan ventilasi (p=0,002), lubang asap dapur (p=0,000), pencahayaan (p=0,000), kebiasaan membuka jendela kamar tidur (p=0,005), kebiasaan membuka jendela ruang keluarga (p=0,010), dan status gizi (p=0,000) memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru pada balita di Kecamatan Sawahan, Kota Surabaya.

Simpulan: Variabel jendela kamar tidur, ventilasi, lubang asap dapur, pencahayaan, kebiasaan membuka jendela di kamar tidur dan ruang keluarga, serta status gizi memiliki keterkaitan yang signifikan dengan insiden tuberkulosis paru pada balita di Kecamatan Sawahan, Kota Surabaya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sebuah upaya promosi kesehatan dan pencegahan untuk menurunkan kasus tuberkulosis paru pada balita berdasarkan faktor risiko yang telah dianalisis sebelumnya.

 ABSTRACT

Title: Relationship Between Healthy House Indicators and Nutritional Status With Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among Toddlers In Sawahan District, Surabaya

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is transmitted through droplets. Tuberculosis can be suffered by all age groups, escpecially toddlers. Risk factors of tuberculosis such as health house indicators and nutritional status  This study aims to evaluate the relationship between healty house indicators and nutritional status with pulmonary tuberculosis among toddlers in Sawahan District, Surabaya.

Method: This research was an observational analytic study with a case-control design. The sample consisted of 18 toddlers as the case group and 54 toddlers as the control group. Primary data was collected by observations and interviews using questinnaire and observation sheets. Data analysis technique used was chi-square statistical test.

Result: The statistical anaylysis showed that bedroom windows (p=0,000), ventilation (p=0,002), kitchen smoke holes (p=0.000), lighting (p=0.000), the habit of opening bedroom windows (p=0.005), the habit of opening living room windows (p=0.010)  and nutritional status (p=0,000) have a significant relationship with pulmonary tuberculosis among toddlers in Sawahan District, Surabaya.

Conclusion: Bedroom windows, ventilation, kitchen smoke holes, lighting, opening bedroom windows, opening living room windows, and nutritional status have a significant relationship with pulmonary tuberculosis among toddlers in Sawahan District, Surabaya. Therefore, promotive and preventive efforts are needed to prevent the incidence of pulmonary tubeculosis among toddlers based on risk factors that have been analyzed previously

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Keywords: Balita; Indikator Rumah Sehat; Status Gizi; Tuberkulosis Paru

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