DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.24.1.59-67

Kinetika Degradasi Air Limbah Menggunakan Media Tutup Botol Plastik PET dengan Reaktor Aerobik MBBR

1Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Lingkungan, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

2Jurusan Teknik Kimia Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

3Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

4 Departemen Statistika Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah,, Indonesia

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Open Access Copyright 2025 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis laju kinetika degradasi pengolahan air limbah biologi menggunakan model Michaelis-Menten dan regresi linier.

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen. Sampel diambil dengan teknik grab sample dan diambil pada 4 titik dengan jumlah 70 liter yang dibagi sama rata pada tiap titik. Penentuan model dilakukan dengan menggunakan persamaan Michaelis-Menten dan regresi linier. Reaktor terbuat dari fiberglass, berukuran panjang 40 cm, lebar 40 cm, tinggi 50 cm, dan tebal 4 mm. Reaktor memiliki kapasitas 80 L. Inlet dan Outlet air limbah dirancang dengan menggunakan pipa PVC. Percobaan dijalankan selama 30 hari. Total luas permukaan semua media adalah 14.130 cm2. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linear dan persamaan michaelis-menten.

Hasil: Hasil pemodelan persamaan Michaelis-Menten menunjukkan nilai R2 mendekati sempurna, yang menunjukkan kedekatan dengan kondisi lapangan sebenarnya. Kondisi aerobik berlangsung lebih lama dan memungkinkan terjadinya degradasi BOD, COD, dan TSS. Konstanta Menten untuk menghilangkan BOD, COD, dan TSS masing-masing adalah 17,7, 80,5, dan 135. Nilai R2 yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan model regresi linier mendekati angka sempurna, yaitu untuk parameter BOD (0,995), COD (0, 9934), dan TSS (0,9665). dengan nilai y masing-masing -0,0613, -0,0467, -0,042. Persamaan yang diperoleh dari hasil pemodelan regresi adalah Y = 31,245-0,030X1 + 0,015X2 + 0,044X3 + e.

Simpulan: Model yang digunakan mampu memprediksi secara akurat degradasi BOD, COD, dan TSS dalam kondisi aerobik. Studi ini menyarankan pengoptimalan kondisi aerobik dalam praktik pengolahan air limbah untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penghilangan BOD, COD, dan TSS, menggunakan model Michaelis-Menten untuk pengurangan polutan yang efektif. Besarnya gelembung udara yang dihasilkan aerator tidak dikontrol sehingga tidak dapat dimaksimalkan laju aliran udara yang masuk pada reaktor yang mungkin akan berpengaruh pada hasil kerja reaktor. Penelitian ini meningkatkan pengetahuan pengolahan air limbah dengan menunjukkan efektivitas model Michaelis-Menten dalam menganalisis laju degradasi dan menekankan penggunaan media plastik, sehingga menawarkan wawasan berharga untuk penelitian masa depan.

 

Title:  Wastewater Degradation Kinetics Using PET Plastic Bottle Capping Media with MBBR Aerobic Reactor

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the rate of degradation kinetics of biological wastewater treatment using the Michaelis-Menten model and linear regression.

Method: This type of research is experimental. Samples were taken using the grab sample technique and taken at 4 points with a total of 70 liters divided equally at each point. Model determination was carried out using the Michaelis-Menten equation and linear regression. The reactor was made of fiberglass, measuring 40 cm long, 40 cm wide, 50 cm high, and 4 mm thick. The reactor has a capacity of 80 L. The wastewater inlet and outlet were designed using PVC pipes. The experiment was run for 30 days. The total surface area of all media was 14,130 cm2. Data analysis used linear regression tests and the Michaelis-Menten equation.

Results: The results of the Michaelis-Menten equation modeling showed an R2 value close to perfect, which indicated closeness to actual field conditions. Aerobic conditions lasted longer and allowed for degradation of BOD, COD, and TSS. Menten's constants for removing BOD, COD, and TSS were 17.7, 80.5, and 135, respectively. The R2 value obtained using the linear regression model approached the perfect number, namely for the parameters BOD (0.995), COD (0.9934), and TSS (0.9665). with y values of -0.0613, -0.0467, -0.042, respectively. The equation obtained from the results of the regression modeling is Y = 31.245-0.030X1 + 0.015X2 + 0.044X3 + e.

Conclusion: The model used is able to accurately predict the degradation of BOD, COD, and TSS under aerobic conditions. This study suggests optimizing aerobic conditions in wastewater treatment practices to improve the efficiency of BOD, COD, and TSS removal, using the Michaelis-Menten model for effective pollutant reduction. The size of the air bubbles produced by the aerator is not controlled so that the rate of air flow entering the reactor cannot be maximized, which may affect the results which could minimize the reactor's working time. This study enhances the knowledge of wastewater treatment by demonstrating the effectiveness of the Michaelis-Menten model in analyzing degradation rates and emphasizing the use of plastic media, thus offering valuable insights for future research.

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Keywords: Kinetika Degradasi; Limbah Cair; Polutan; Reaktor; Aerobik

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