DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.27.3.128-136

Optimization of Cadmium Removal Using Tetraethylene Glycol-Modified Silica-Based Adsorbent via Response Surface Methodology

1Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Riau, Riau Province, Indonesia

2Department of English Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Riau, Riau Province, Indonesia

3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

5 Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan

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Received: 14 Aug 2023; Revised: 22 Dec 2023; Accepted: 27 Dec 2023; Published: 8 Apr 2024.
Open Access Copyright 2024 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract
In solid-phase extraction for preconcentration, silica (Si) is the most commonly used as an adsorbent. However, the selectivity and effectiveness of silica gel adsorption on metal ions are low, so it needs to be modified to improve the adsorption capability. The modification was done using reflux and oven heating in the modification silica with 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and tetraethylene glycol (TEG). A central composite design batch process determined the optimum conditions for cadmium adsorption. TEG-modified silica was successfully synthesized and characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and elemental analyzers. Peaks of C-H and epoxy on FTIR spectra showed that Si- GPTMS was formed. The increase of %C and %H from the first to the second step indicated that Si-TEG was successfully synthesized. There was no significant difference in silica particle morphology on SEM before and after modification. The reflux method gave a higher yield compared to the heating method. The constant stirring by the magnetic bar and solvent cycle in the reflux method catalyzed the reaction. This study found that at pH 7, 30 mg of adsorbent weight at 35°C and 22 minutes of contact time were optimum Cd2+ adsorption conditions. As the weight of the adsorbent increases, the adsorption capacity decreases. Contact time and temperature have no significant effect on Cd adsorption by Si-TEG.
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Keywords: batch adsorptions; cadmium; central composite design; tetraethylene glycol
Funding: Directorate of Research and Community Services, Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education under contract Penelitian Kerjasama Luar Negeri Research Grant 2019; DIPA Universitas Riau under contract Research Grant Penelitian Kolaborasi Internasional 2022

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Section: Research Articles
Language : EN
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