Surface Modification and Kinetic Adsorption of Lampung Natural Zeolite Using Mercapto-Silane: A Study on Ag(I), Cd(II), and Hg(II)

Yulyani Nur Azizah; Sekar Azzahra; Isalmi Aziz; Yusraini Dian Inayati Siregar; Nurmaya Arofah; Ade Saputra; Muhammad Al Muttaqii

doi:10.14710/jksa.29.8.568-574

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.29.8.568-574

Surface Modification and Kinetic Adsorption of Lampung Natural Zeolite Using Mercapto-Silane: A Study on Ag(I), Cd(II), and Hg(II)

Yulyani Nur Azizah¹

, Sekar Azzahra¹, Isalmi Aziz¹

, Yusraini Dian Inayati Siregar¹

, Nurmaya Arofah²

, Ade Saputra³

, Muhammad Al Muttaqii⁴

¹Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Banten, Indonesia

²Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Banten, Indonesia

³Research Center for Nuclear Material and Radioactive Waste Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

⁴ Research Center of Catalysis, National Research and Innovation Agency, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

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Received: 4 Jun 2026; Revised: 30 Aug 2026; Accepted: 27 Sep 2026; Published: 30 Sep 2026.

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Abstract

Heavy metal contamination in water poses serious environmental and health risks due to its toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation. This study developed a thiol-functionalized zeolite (ZFT) from activated Lampung natural zeolite via post-treatment silanization using (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane for the adsorption of Hg(II), Ag(I), and Cd(II) ions. XRD and FTIR analyses revealed no significant alteration of the clinoptilolite structure following functionalization, with a range of crystal size 10.8-12.80 nm. However, the appearance of a C–H stretching band at 2921 cm⁻¹ indicates the presence of organic moieties in the functionalized zeolite. Optimum adsorption occurred at pH 4 within 60 min for Hg(II) and Ag(I), and at pH 6 within 100 min for Cd(II), with a maximum tested concentration of 50 mg/L. Hg(II) adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm, whereas Ag(I) and Cd(II) fitted the Freundlich model. All adsorption processes obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics.

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Keywords: adsorption; functionalization; Lampung natural zeolite; silane; surface modification

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Section: Research Articles

Language : EN

In Vol 29, No 8 (2026): Volume 29 Issue 8 Year 2026

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