Quality of Nursing Care in Saudi Arabia: Are Empathy, Advocacy, and Caring Important Attributes for Nurses?

Abdulaziz M. Alsufyani; Abdulaziz A. Aldawsari; Sayer M. Aljuaid; Khalid E. Almalki; Yasir M. Alsufyani

doi:10.14710/nmjn.v10i3.32210

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v10i3.32210

Quality of Nursing Care in Saudi Arabia: Are Empathy, Advocacy, and Caring Important Attributes for Nurses?

*Abdulaziz M. Alsufyani

- King Saud University, Saudi Arabia

Abdulaziz A. Aldawsari - Medical Services Administration, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development, Saudi Arabia

Sayer M. Aljuaid

- Taif Comprehensive Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development, Saudi Arabia

Khalid E. Almalki - Primary Health Care Center Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia

Yasir M. Alsufyani

- King Khaled University, Saudi Arabia

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{NMJN32210,
    author = {Abdulaziz M. Alsufyani and Abdulaziz A. Aldawsari and Sayer M. Aljuaid and Khalid Almalki and Yasir M. Alsufyani},
    title = {Quality of Nursing Care in Saudi Arabia: Are Empathy, Advocacy, and Caring Important Attributes for Nurses?},
    journal = {Nurse Media Journal of Nursing},
  volume = {10},
    number = {3},
    year = {2020},
    keywords = {Advocacy, caring, empathy, quality nursing care, Saudi Arabia},
    abstract = {  Background:  The examination of the literature indicates that practicing nurses are barely engaged in developing enhancement programs for quality nursing care. There are numerous studies on the value of nursing care, but none offers ways of assessing the value of care provided by nurses. Identifying the essence of quality nursing care can facilitate effective enhancement approaches. It was prudent to explore the relationship between advocacy, caring, and empathy in delivering quality nursing care.   Purpose:  This study aimed to comprehend the views of Saudi Arabian nurses on how empathy, advocacy, and caring act as measurements of quality of nursing care.   Methods:  A qualitative investigative, descriptive design was used to explore the advocacy, empathy, and caring from the viewpoints of practicing nurses. Twenty-one general and specialized medical care nurses from King Saud Medical City in Saudi Arabia were recruited through purposive sampling. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews that were recorded, written out, and subjected to thematic analysis.   Results:  The findings have led to the establishment of quality Saudi nursing care with the identification of core themes: empathy, advocacy, and caring. The findings of this study elevate the understanding of the quality of nursing care in the Saudi context.   Conclusion:  The participants aver that patient advocacy, empathy, and care are parts of the characteristics of nursing profession. These characteristics aid in listening and comprehending patients’ perspectives. Following the findings, it is suggested to provide training to the nurses to overcome the challenges faced by nurses in reflecting empathy. },
   issn = {2406-8799},   pages = {244--259}  doi = {10.14710/nmjn.v10i3.32210},
    url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/medianers/article/view/32210}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

Background: The examination of the literature indicates that practicing nurses are barely engaged in developing enhancement programs for quality nursing care. There are numerous studies on the value of nursing care, but none offers ways of assessing the value of care provided by nurses. Identifying the essence of quality nursing care can facilitate effective enhancement approaches. It was prudent to explore the relationship between advocacy, caring, and empathy in delivering quality nursing care.

Purpose: This study aimed to comprehend the views of Saudi Arabian nurses on how empathy, advocacy, and caring act as measurements of quality of nursing care.

Methods: A qualitative investigative, descriptive design was used to explore the advocacy, empathy, and caring from the viewpoints of practicing nurses. Twenty-one general and specialized medical care nurses from King Saud Medical City in Saudi Arabia were recruited through purposive sampling. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews that were recorded, written out, and subjected to thematic analysis.

Results: The findings have led to the establishment of quality Saudi nursing care with the identification of core themes: empathy, advocacy, and caring. The findings of this study elevate the understanding of the quality of nursing care in the Saudi context.

Conclusion: The participants aver that patient advocacy, empathy, and care are parts of the characteristics of nursing profession. These characteristics aid in listening and comprehending patients’ perspectives. Following the findings, it is suggested to provide training to the nurses to overcome the challenges faced by nurses in reflecting empathy.

Fulltext View|Download

Keywords: Advocacy, caring, empathy, quality nursing care, Saudi Arabia

Funding: None

Article Metrics:

Article Info

Section: Articles

Language : EN

In Vol 10, No 3 (2020): (December 2020)

Recent articles

Identifying Community/Public Health Nursing Competencies in Indonesia: A Modified Delphi Method Peer Learning: An Effective Teaching-Learning Method for Improving Ability in Arterial Blood Gases Interpretation The Effect of “SELF-HELP Packages” on Post Stroke Depression among Ischemic Stroke Survivors Editorial Front Matter Editorial Back Matter More recent articles

Most cited articles

Purpose, Quality, and Value in Critical Realist Research within Nurse Education Emergency Training, Education And Perceived Clinical Skills For Tsunami Care Among Nurses In Banda Aceh, Indonesia Family Experiences of Mental Illness: A Meta-Synthesis Music and Music Intervention for Therapeutic Purposes in Patients with Ventilator Support; Gamelan Music Perspective Review: Factors Relating to Nurses’ Caring Behaviors for Dying Patients More cited articles

Abbasinia, M., Ahmadi, F., & Kazemnejad, A. (2020). Patient advocacy in nursing: A concept analysis. Nursing Ethics, 27(1), 141-151. doi: 10.1177/0969733019832950
A’la, M. Z., Setioputro, B., & Kurniawan, D. E. (2018). Nursing Students’ Attitudes towards Caring for Dying Patients. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 8(1), 25. doi: 10.14710/nmjn.v8i1.17270
Aupia, A., Lee, T., Liu, C., Wu, S. V., & Mills, M. E. (2018). Caring behavior perceived by nurses, patients and nursing students in Indonesia. Journal of Professional Nursing, 34(4), 314-319. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2017.11.013
Austin, W. (2000). Nursing, empathy and perception of the moral. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32(1), 235-242. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.01440.x
Birnie, K., Speca, M., & Carlson, L. E. (2010). Exploring self‐compassion and empathy in the context of mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR). Stress and Health, 26(5), 359-371. doi: 10.1002/smi.1305
Boellinghaus, I., Jones, F. W., & Hutton, J. (2014). The role of mindfulness and loving-kindness meditation in cultivating self-compassion and other-focused concern in health care professionals. Mindfulness, 5(2), 129-138. doi: 10.1007/s12671-012-0158-6
Dadzie, G., Aziato, L., & Aikins, A. D. G. (2017). We are the best to stand in for patients: a qualitative study on nurses’ advocacy characteristics in Ghana. BMC Nursing, 16(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1186/s12912-017-0259-6
Davoodvand, S., Abbaszadeh, A., & Ahmadi, F. (2016). Patient advocacy from the clinical nurses’ viewpoint: A qualitative study. Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, 9, 1-8. doi: 10.1177/0969733016629772
Duarte, J., Pinto-Gouveia, J., & Cruz, B. (2016). Relationships between nurses’ empathy, self-compassion and dimensions of professional quality of life: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 60, 1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.02.015
Elewa, A. H., ElAlim, E. A., & Etway, E. G. (2016). Nursing interns’ perception regarding patients’ rights and patients’ advocacy. SOJ Nursing & Health Care, 2(3), 1-6. doi: 10.15226/2471-6529/2/3/00123
Gröndahl, W., Muurinen, H., Katajisto, J., Suhonen, R., & Leino-Kilpi, H. (2019). Perceived quality of nursing care and patient education: a cross-sectional study of hospitalised surgical patients in Finland. BMJ Open, 9(4), e023108. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023108
Hajinezhad, M. E. & Azodi, P. (2014). Nurse caring behaviors from patients’ and nurses’ perspective: A comparative study. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 3(4),1010-1017.Retrieved from http://european-science.com/eojnss/article/download/1300/pdf
Hannan, J., Sanchez, G., Musser, E. D., Ward-Peterson, M., Azutillo, E., Goldin, D., ..., & Foster, A. (2019). Role of empathy in the perception of medical errors in patient encounters: A preliminary study. BMC Research Notes, 12(1), 1-5. doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4365-2
Heidke, P., Howie, V., & Ferdous, T. (2018). Use of healthcare consumer voices to increase empathy in nursing students. Nurse Education in Practice, 29, 30-34. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2017.11.007
James, R. B., & Mill, J. E. (2018). Developing confidence for patient advocacy: Reflections from an international clinical experience. International Journal of Nursing Student Scholarship, 5, 1-8. Retrieved from https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/ijnss/article/view/56841/42949
Kalu, F. A., & Bwalya, J. C. (2017). What makes qualitative research good research? An exploratory analysis of critical elements. International Journal of Social Science Research, 5(2), 43–56. doi: 10.5296/ijssr.v5i2.10711
Karaca, A., & Durna, Z. (2019). Patient satisfaction with the quality of nursing care. Nursing Open, 6(2), 535-545. doi: 10.1002/nop2.237
Kim, J. (2018). Factors influencing nursing students’ empathy. Korean Journal of Medical Education, 30(3), 229- 236. doi: 10.3946/kjme.2018.97
Kolawole, I. O., & Adejumo, P. O. (2020). Nurses’ view on impact of patient advocacy in oncology care at university college hospital, Nigeria. ARC Journal of Nursing and Healthcare, 6(1), 1-9. doi: 10.20431/2455-4324.0601001
Kuipers, S. J., Cramm, J. M., & Nieboer, A. P. (2019). The importance of patient-centered care and co-creation of care for satisfaction with care and physical and social well-being of patients with multi-morbidity in the primary care setting. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 13. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3818-y
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. New York: John Wiley & Sons
Mills, J., & Chapman, M. (2016). Compassion and self-compassion in medicine: Self-care for the caregiver. The Australasian Medical Journal, 9(5), 87-91. doi: 10.4066/AMJ.2016.2583
Molina-Mula, J. & Gallo-Estrada, J. (2020). Impact of nurse-patient relationship on quality of care and patient autonomy in decision-making. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 835-847. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030835
Molina-Mula, J., & Gallo-Estrada, J. (2020). Impact of nurse-patient relationship on quality of care and patient autonomy in decision-making. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 835. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030835
Moudatsou, M., Stavropoulou, A., Philalithis, A. & Koukouli, S. (2020). The role of empathy in health and social care professionals. Healthcare, 8(1), 26. doi: 10.3390/healthcare8010026
Nsiah, C., Siakwa, M., & Ninnoni, J. P. (2019). Registered nurses’ description of patient advocacy in the clinical setting. Nursing Open, 6(3), 1124-1132. doi: 10.1002/nop2.307
Nsiah, C., Siakwa, M., & Ninnoni, J. P. (2020). Barriers to practicing patient advocacy in healthcare setting. Nursing Open, 7(2), 650-659. doi: 10.1002/nop2.436
Raab, K. (2014). Mindfulness, self-compassion, and empathy among health care professionals: a review of the literature. Journal of Health Care Chaplaincy, 20(3), 95-108. doi: 10.1080/08854726.2014.913876
Ratka, A. (2018). Empathy and the development of affective skills. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 82(10). doi: 10.5688/ajpe7192
Salimi, S., & Azimpour, A. (2013). Determinants of nurses’ caring behaviors (DNCB): Preliminary validation of a scale. Journal of Caring Sciences, 2(4), 269–278. doi: 10.5681/jcs.2013.032
Thomas, D., Newcomb, P., & Fusco, P. (2019). Perception of caring among patients and nurses. Journal of Patient Experience, 6(3), 194-200. doi: 10.1177/2374373518795713
Tirch, D. D. (2010). Mindfulness as a context for the cultivation of compassion. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 3(2), 113-123. doi: 10.1521/ijct.2010.3.2.113
Usta, Y. Y., Demir, Y., & Yagmuroglu, H. (2012). Nurses’ perspective on positive attitudes to cancer patients in Turkey: a qualitative study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 13(4), 1225-1229. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.4.1225
Vaccaro, L., Shaw, J., Sethi, S., Kirsten, L., Beatty, L., Mitchell, G., ..., & Turner, J. (2019). Barriers and facilitators to community‐based psycho‐oncology services: A qualitative study of health professionals’ attitudes to the feasibility and acceptability of a shared care model. Psycho‐oncology, 28(9), 1862-1870. doi: 10.1002/pon.5165
Wallmark, E., Safarzadeh, K., Daukantaitė, D., & Maddux, R. E. (2013). Promoting altruism through meditation: An 8-week randomized controlled pilot study. Mindfulness, 4(3), 223-234. doi: 10.1007/s12671-012-0115-4
World Health Organization. (2020). Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health, and ageing. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/teams/maternal-newborn-child-adolescent-health-and-ageing/quality-of-care

Last update:

Understanding the learning needs to enhance clinical competence of new professional nurses in public hospitals of South Africa: A qualitative study
Kholofelo L. Matlhaba, Naomi L. Nkoane. Belitung Nursing Journal, 8 (5), 2022. doi: 10.33546/bnj.2180

Last update: 2024-11-12 02:31:38

No citation recorded.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Journal Author(s) Rights

In order for the Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro to publish and disseminate research articles, we need non-exclusive publishing rights (transferred from the author(s) to the publisher). This is determined by a publishing agreement between the author(s) and the Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro. This agreement involves the transfer or licensing of the copyright for publishing to the publisher, while authors still retain significant rights to use and share their own published articles. The Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro supports the need for authors to share, disseminate, and maximize the impact of their research through these rights in any databases.

As the author(s), you have rights to a wide range of uses of your article, including use by your employing institution or company. These author rights can be exercised without the need to obtain specific permission. Authors publishing in the Nurse Media Journal of Nursing have extensive rights to use their works for teaching and scholarly purposes without needing to seek permission, including:

use for classroom teaching by the author or the author’s institution and presentation at a meeting or conference, including distributing copies to attendees;
use for internal training by the author’s company;
distribution to colleagues for their research use;
use in a subsequent compilation of the author’s works;
inclusion in a thesis or dissertation;
reuse of portions or extracts from the article in other works (with full acknowledgment of the final article);
preparation of derivative works (other than for commercial purposes) (with full acknowledgment of the final article);
voluntary posting on open websites operated by the author or the author’s institution for scholarly purposes;

following the open access license of the Creative Commons CC BY-SA License.

Authors, readers, and third parties can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, but they must give appropriate credit (including the name of the creator and attribution parties, detailed information about the authors, a copyright notice, an open access license notice, a disclaimer notice, and a link to the material), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. The publisher will indicate any modification of the material (if any) and retain an indication of previous modifications using a CrossMark Policy and information about Erratum-Corrigendum notifications.

Authors, readers, and third parties can read, print, and download, redistribute or republish the article (e.g., display it in a repository), translate the article, download it for text and data mining purposes, reuse portions or extracts from the article in other works, sell or reuse it for commercial purposes, remix, transform, or build upon the material. They must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA).

Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing (Publishing Right)

The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, non-exclusive right for publishing (publishing right) of the article shall be assigned/transferred to Publisher of the Nurse Media Journal of Nursing (Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro).

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete a 'Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing (CTAP)'. An e-mail will be sent to the Corresponding Author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing' form by online version of this agreement.

Nurse Media Journal of Nursing and Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, the Editors and the Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the Nurse Media Journal of Nursing are sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.

Please note that even though we ask for a transfer of copyright for publishing (CTAP), our journal Author(s) retain (or are granted back) significant scholarly rights as mentioned before.

The Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing (CTAP) Form can be downloaded here: [Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing (CTAP) Form NMJN 2024]

The copyright form should be signed electronically and send to the Editorial Office in the form of original e-mail below:

Dr. Meira Erawati (Editor-in-Chief)
Editorial Office of Nurse Media Journal of Nursing
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro
Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 50275
Telp.: +62-24-76480919; Fax.: +62-24-76486849
E-mail: media_ners@live.undip.ac.id

(This policy statements has been updated at 24th January 2024)

Quality of Nursing Care in Saudi Arabia: Are Empathy, Advocacy, and Caring Important Attributes for Nurses?

Journal Author(s) Rights

Copyright Transfer Agreement for Publishing (Publishing Right)

OFFICE INFORMATION