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Coping Strategies of Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study

*Susilo Harianto  -  Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Nursalam Nursalam  -  Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Dewi Maryam  -  Dr. Sutomo Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia
Abd Nasir  -  Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Cucuk Rahmadi Purwanto  -  Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Hafna Ilmy Muhalla  -  Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Emuliana Sulpat  -  Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Amellia Mardhika  -  Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Domingos Soares  -  Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministerio da Saúde Timor-Leste, Timor-Leste
Open Access Copyright (c) 2025 by the Authors, Published by Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Background: Chemotherapy is the primary treatment for breast cancer to prevent cancer progression, but health protocols, such as social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic, hinder timely treatment. Although many qualitative studies have investigated the experiences of breast cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, few have explored the coping strategies of women undergoing chemotherapy during this time.

Purpose: This study explores the coping strategies of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A qualitative phenomenological design was employed to explore the experiences of women living with breast cancer and their coping mechanisms. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants who met the following criteria: (1) women diagnosed with breast cancer who had chosen to undergo chemotherapy, and (2) women attending chemotherapy sessions at the treatment center. Patients with a history of severe chemotherapy side effects were excluded. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 25 participants, and transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results: Four key themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) uncertainty about the future, (2) emotional turmoil, (3) resilience under pressure, and (4) acceptance of the situation. Participants demonstrated positive adaptive coping strategies to manage the challenges of breast cancer and chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion: Resilience and acceptance were identified as vital coping mechanisms that help women with breast cancer maintain their quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. These strategies play an essential role in mental well-being amid uncertain and stressful circumstances.

Fulltext
Keywords: Breast cancer; chemotherapy; coping strategies; Covid-19

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