Karakteristik Ibu dalam Ketepatan Waktu Imunisasi Measles Rubella Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Tempuran Kabupaten Magelang

Abstract

Latar belakang: Imunisasi pada bayi harus dilakukan sesuai aturan. Imunisasi yang tidak tepat waktu akan membuat imunisasi tidak berfungsi dengan baik dalam mencegah penyakit, salah satunya measles rubella. Pandemi Covid-19 mengganggu layanan kesehatan termasuk imunisasi. Puskesmas Tempuran merupakan puskesmas dengan cakupan imunisasi measles rubella dengan posisi tiga terendah di Kabupaten Magelang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ketepatan waktu imunisasi measles rubella dan mengetahui gambaran karakteristik ibu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tempuran.

Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu ibu yang memiliki bayi berusia 9 – 12 bulan dan sampel penelitian yaitu 100 ibu dengan teknik cluster sampling di setiap kelurahan. Variabel yaitu usia ibu, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, tingkat pengetahuan, beban kerja, sikap ibu terhadap imunisasi, akses ke layanan imunisasi, persepsi sistem layanan imunisasi, dukungan kader, keanggotaan grup whatsapp imunisasi, dan persepsi kebutuhan imunisasi. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif.

Hasil: Ketepatan waktu imunisasi measles rubella masih rendah, sebagian besar ibu berusia dewasa muda, tingkat pendidikan menengah, mayoritas tidak bekerja, memiliki pengetahuan tergolong tinggi, memiliki beban kerja tergolong berat, sikap terhadap imunisasi tergolong baik, akses ke layanan imunisasi mudah, persepsi yang baik mengenai sistem layanan imunisasi, mendapat dukungan yang cenderung baik dari kader, ibu yang tergabung dalam whatsapp imunisasi dan tidak tergabung seimbang, dan memiliki persepsi kebutuhan cenderung tinggi mengenai imunisasi.

Simpulan: Mayoritas ibu yang memiliki bayi berusia 9 – 12 bulan pada penelitian ini berusia dewasa muda, pendidikan menengah, tidak bekerja, memiliki pengetahuan tinggi, beban kerja berat, sikap baik terhadap imunisasi, akses yang mudah, persepsi sistem layanan imunisasi baik, dukungan kader baik, dan kebutuhan yang tinggi akan imunisasi.

Kata kunci: Ketepatan Waktu; Imunisasi; Measles Rubella; Pandemi Covid-19

ABSTRACT

Title: Characteristics of Mothers in Timely Measles Rubella Immunization During Covid-19 Pandemic in the Tempuran Health Center, Magelang Regency

Background: Immunization in infants must be carried out according to the rules. Immunization that is not timely will make immunization cannot function properly in preventing diseases, one of which is measles rubella. The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted health services, including immunization. Tempuran Health Center is the health center with the third lowest position of measles rubella immunization coverage in Magelang Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine the timeliness of measles rubella and to describe the characteristics of mothers in Tempuran Health Center working area.

Method: This research is a quantitative study with cross sectional approach, the population in this study is mothers who have babies aged 9 until 12 months, the sample is 100 mothers with cluster sampling technique in each village. Variables are maternal age, mothers occupation, mothers education, level of knowledge, workload, mother’s attitude, access, perception of the immunization service system, cadre support, immunization whatsapp group membership, and perception of immunization needs. The analysis used is descriptive analysis.

Result: Timeliness of measles rubella immunization is still low, most mothers are young adults, secondary education level, the majority are not working, have high knowledge, have a heavy workload, attitudes towards immunization are good, access to immunization services is easy, good perception regarding the immunization service system, getting support that tends to be good from cares, mother who are members of whatsapp immunization and not are balanced, and have a high perception of needs regarding immunization.

Conclusion: The majority of mothers who had babies aged 9-12 moths in this study were young adults, secondary education, not working, had high knowledge, heavy workload, good attitude, easy access, good immunization service system, good cadre support, and high needs levels of immunization.

Keywords: Punctuality; Immunization; Measles Rubella; Pandemic Covid-19