DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v21i3.917-935

Spatial Characterization of Flood Intensity over the Drainage Condition of East Sempaja Village, Samarinda

*Achmad Ghozali orcid scopus publons  -  Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany
Ayu Fitriana Fitriana Rizki  -  Institut Teknologi Kalimantan, Indonesia
Umar Mustofa  -  Institut Teknologi Kalimantan, Indonesia

Citation Format:
Abstract
The flood events frequently impacting Samarinda City have not yet been thoroughly examined based on their intensity, particularly in the most flood-prone village in the city, East Sempaja Village. This paper employed a rigorous methodology, including K-means cluster analysis and Getis-Ord G* statistics, to reveal spatial clustering patterns based on flood intensity and residential drainage conditions in East Sempaja. The Spearman correlation was determined to identify the relationship between both factors. The present study demonstrates that using community-derived data can enhance flood disaster mitigation strategies, particularly within regions with insufficient data availability. The analysis shows that most neighborhood areas in East Sempaja have moderate to high flood intensity levels. The areas with high flood intensity are spread across the North. This paper confirms that the condition of drainage channels has a positive, yet weak, significant relationship with the level of flood intensity. Thus, optimizing drainage channels is still relevant in managing flood disasters in East Sempaja, providing practical strategies for a pressing issue. 
Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Drainage; relationships; spatial characterization; flood intensity

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Regional Case Study
Language : EN
Recent articles
Waste to Energy Sustainability Model as a Waste Power Plant: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis Technical Feasibility Analysis of Processing Food Waste into Organic Fertilizer with Black Soldier Fly Composting Method Utilization of Black Soldier Fly Larvae in Processing Expired Food Waste with Various Composition Application of Local Microorganisms in the Composting Process using the Biopori Absorption Hole Method on the Content of Macro and Micronutrients Developing Causal Loop Diagram for Urban Development and Land Carrying Capacity in Surakarta Analysis of Lithology Influence on the Coliform Distribution in Semarang City Impact of Monitoring Land Use Changes to Anticipate Management of Erosion Rates in the Brantas Hulu Watershed More recent articles
Most cited articles
Kajian Dampak Rencana Pembangunan Kawasan Wisata Marina di Pesisir Kabupaten Belitung terhadap Kualitas Lingkungan Sekitarnya EVALUASI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH SAKIT PUSAT ANGKATAN DARAT GATOT SOEBROTO FITOREMEDIASI PHOSPAT DENGAN PEMANFAATAN ENCENG GONDOK (EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES) (STUDI KASUS PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI KECIL LAUNDRY) KAJIAN PUSTAKA POTENSI PEMANFAATAN GREYWATERSEBAGAI AIR SIRAM WC DAN AIR SIRAM TANAMAN DI RUMAH TANGGA STUDI PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN SAMPAH DOMESTIK, SEKAM PADI, DAN AMPAS TEBU DENGAN METODE MAC DONALD TERHADAP KEMATANGAN KOMPOS More cited articles
  1. Abdel-Mooty, M. N., Yosri, A., El-Dakhakhni, W., And Coulibaly, P. 2021. Community flood resilience categorization framework. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, vol. 61, pp. 102349,
  2. Ahmad, F., Kazmi, S. F., And Pervez, T. 2011. Human response to hydro-meteorological disasters: a case study of the 2010 flash floods in Pakistan. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 518–524. Available at: http://www.academicjournals.org/JGRP [Accessed 17/06/2023]
  3. Ali, M. 2019. Persepsi masyarakat tentang penanggulangan banjir di kecamatan Samarinda Utara Kota Samarinda: studi kasus banjir di kelurahan Sempaja Utara [Community perceptions regarding flood management in North Samarinda district, Samarinda City: flood case study in North Sempaja village]. eJournal Sosiatri-Sosiologi, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 195–206. Available at: www.ejournal.ps.fisip-unmul.ac.id/site/?p=1326 [Accessed 17/06/2023]
  4. Ali, S., And George, A. 2022. Fostering disaster mitigation through community participation- case of Kochi residents following the Kerala floods of 2018 and 2019. Natural Hazards, vol. 111, no. 1, pp. 389–410,
  5. Anwar, Y., Setyasih, I., & Ningrum, M. V. R. 2021. Multi-ethnic communities adaptation to flooding in the North Samarinda sub-district, Samarinda City, east Kalimantan province, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 683(1), 012079
  6. Asti, A. F., And Mayasari, D. 2023. Effectiveness of flood management policies in Sungai Pinang district, Samarinda City. Formosa Journal of Sustainable Research, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 699–712,
  7. Ayari, G. R., And Asyiawati, Y. 2023. Upaya pengendalian pemanfaatan ruang berbasis risiko bencana banjir di kecamatan Samarinda Utara [Efforts to control space utilization based on flood disaster risk in North Samarinda sub-district]. Bandung Conference Series: Urban & Regional Planning, vol. 3, no. 1,
  8. BPBD of Samarinda City (the Regional Agency for Disaster Countermeasures of Samarinda City). 2019. Buku tahunan bencana tahun 2016-2019 [Disaster yearbook 2016-2019]. Samarinda: Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Kota Samarinda [the Regional Agency for Disaster Countermeasures of Samarinda City]
  9. BNPB (the National Agency for Disaster Countermeasures). 2022. Indeks risiko bencana Indonesia tahun 2022 [Report of Indonesian disaster risk index 2022]. Vol. 1. Jakarta: Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana [the National Agency for Disaster Countermeasures]. Available at: https://inarisk.bnpb.go.id/pdf/BUKU%20IRBI%202022.pdf [Accessed 17/06/2023]
  10. Bibi, T. S., Reddythta, D., And Kebebew, A. S. 2023. Assessment of the drainage systems performance in response to future scenarios and flood mitigation measures using stormwater management model. City and Environment Interactions, vol. 19, pp. 100111
  11. De Moel, H., Jongman, B., Kreibich, H., Merz, B., Penning-Rowsell, E., And Ward, P. J. 2015. Flood risk assessments at different spatial scales. Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Chang, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 865–890
  12. De Risi, R., Jalayer, F., De Paola, F., Carozza, S., Yonas, N., Giugni, M., And Gasparini, P. 2020. From flood risk mapping toward reducing vulnerability: the case of Addis Ababa. Natural Hazards, vol. 100, no. 1, pp. 387–415
  13. Eden, S. K., Li, C., And Shepherd, B. E. 2022. Nonparametric estimation of Spearman’s rank correlation with bivariate survival data. Biometrics, vol. 78, no. 2, pp. 421–434. DOI: 10.1111/biom.13453
  14. Fandri, L. 2020. Upaya Tagana kaltim dalam menanggulangi bencana banjir di Kota Samarinda [Tagana Kaltim's efforts to overcome flood disasters in Samarinda City]. eJournal Sosiatri-Sosiologi, vol. 2020, no. 1, pp. 1–15. Available at: https://ejournal.ps.fisip-unmul.ac.id/site/?p=1333 [Accessed 17/06/2023]
  15. Fenglin, W., Ahmad, I., Zelenakova, M., Fenta, A., Dar, M. A., Teka, A. H., Belew, A. Z., Damtie, M., Berhan, M., Shafi, S. N. 2023. Exploratory regression modeling for flood susceptibility mapping in the GIS environment. Science Reports, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 247
  16. Fernandez, P., Mourato, S., Moreira, M. And Pereira, L. 2016. A new approach for computing a flood vulnerability index using cluster analysis. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, vol. 94, pp. 47–55, 2016
  17. Gabr, M. E., Fattouh, E. M., Mostafa, M. S. 2023. Determination of the canal discharge capacity ratio and roughness to assess its maintenance status: application in Egypt. Water
  18. Hassan, M.M., Ash, K., Abedin, J., Paul, B.K., Southworth, J. 2020. A quantitative framework for analyzing spatial dynamics of flood events: a case study of super cyclone Amphan. Remote Sensing 12, 3454,
  19. Howell, C.R., Su, W., Nassel, A.F, April, A.A, Cherrington, A.L. 2020. Area-based stratified random sampling using geospatial technology in a community-based survey. BMC Public Health 20, 1678
  20. Huang, E. C., Li, P. W., Wu, S. W., And Lin, C. Y. 2022. Application of risk analysis in the screening of flood disaster hot spots and adaptation strategies. Land (Basel), vol. 11, no. 1
  21. Irawan, S.R., Mustofa, U., Hidayat, A., Kadri, M.K. 2024. Identifikasi tingkat kerawanan banjir di kelurahan Sempaja Timur, Kota Samarinda [Identification of flood vulnerability levels in East Sempaja Village, Samarinda City]. COMPACT: Spatial Development Journal, vol. 3, no. 1
  22. Irwan, I., Sanusi, W., Anwar, A. S., & Rahman, A. 2023. The implementation of spatial model with k-means clustering method to cluster flood affected areas in Bone Regency. ARRUS Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 186-195
  23. Khafid, A., Kuntoro, A.A., Natasaputra, S., Farid, M., and Hatmoko, W. 2020. Flood overflow modeling for analysis of impact loss and flood control scenario selection (case study: Karang Mumus river Samarinda City). International Research Journal of Advanced Engineering and Science, vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 282-287
  24. Kliksamarinda.com. (2021, October 21). Banjir samarinda hari ini, 6 kelurahan terendam [Samarinda flood today, 6 villages submerged]. Kliksamarinda.com. Available at https://kliksamarinda.com/banjir-samarinda-hari-ini-6-kelurahan-terendam/ [Accessed 17/08/2024]
  25. Li, J., Zheng, A., Guo, W., Bandyopadhyay, N., Zhang, Y., And Wang, Q. 2023. Urban flood risk assessment based on DBSCAN and K-means clustering algorithm. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol. 14, no. 1
  26. Majumder, R., Bhunia, G. S., Patra, P., Mandal, A. C., Ghosh, D., And Shit, P. K. 2019. Assessment of flood hotspot at a village level using GIS-based spatial statistical techniques. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, vol. 12, no. 13
  27. Manzoor, Z., Ehsan, M., Khan, M. B., Manzoor, A., Akhter, M. M., Sohail, M. T., Hussain, A., Shafi, A., Abu-Alam, T., And Abioui, M. 2022. Floods and flood management and its socio-economic impact on Pakistan: A review of the empirical literature. Frontiers in Environmental Science, vol. 10
  28. Matori, R., Nuryadi, Arifianto, F., And Munawar. 2023. Potensi risiko banjir menggunakan sistem informasi geografis (SIG) pada das mahakam kalimantan timur [Potential flood risk using geographic information systems (GIS) in the Mahakam river basin, East Kalimantan]. The Climate of Tropical Indonesia Maritime Continent Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, DOI: 10.36754/ctimc.v1i2.325[Accessed27/06/2023]
  29. Ndoma, E., Ahmed, U., Idris, S., Molus, N., Wali, Elekwachi, Hemba, S. 2020. Effectiveness of drainage networks on floods in Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria. Journal of Geography Meteorology and Environment, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 106–120. Available at: https://journals.unizik.edu.ng/jgme/article/view/382 [Accessed 27/06/2023]
  30. Niaga.co (2019, June 9). Banjir di Samarinda, korban jiwa nihil, 2.327 jiwa terdampak [Floods in Samarinda, zero casualties, 2,327 people affected]. PT. Kaltim Prima Multi Media. Available at: https://www.niaga.asia/banjir-di-samarinda-korban-jiwa-nihil-2-327-jiwa-terdampak/ [Accessed 11/08/2024]
  31. Nie, F., Li, Z., Wang, R., Li, X. 2023. An effective and efficient algorithm for K-means clustering with new formulation. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 3433-3443, DOI: 10.1109/TKDE.2022.3155450
  32. Olanrewaju, C. C. And Reddy, M. 2022. Assessment and prediction of flood hazards using standardized precipitation index—A case study of eThekwini metropolitan area. Journal of Flood Risk Management, vol. 15, no. 2
  33. Owuor, M. O., And Mwiturubani, D. A. 2022. Correlation between flooding and settlement planning in Nairobi. Journal of Water and Climate Change, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 1790–1805
  34. Peeters, A., Zude, M., Käthner, J., Ünlü, M., Kanber, R., Hetzroni, A., Gebbers, R., Ben-Gal, A. 2015. Getis–Ord’s hot- and cold-spot statistics as a basis for multivariate spatial clustering of orchard tree data. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 111, pp. 140-150
  35. Pranita I., and Sumarningtyas, H.K.N. (2020, May 27). Banjir rendam ribuan rumah di samarinda, ini 4 faktor penyebabnya [Floods submerge thousands of homes in samarinda, here are 4 causal factors). Kompas.com. Available at: https://www.kompas.com/sains/read/2020/05/27/080200123/banjir-rendam-ribuan-rumah-di-samarinda-ini-4-faktor-penyebabnya [Accessed 16/08/2023]
  36. Pratiwi And Ndraha, A. B. 2018. Strategi pengendalian banjir di Kota Samarinda provinsi Kalimantan Timur [Flood control strategy in Samarinda city, East Kalimantan province]. Jurnal MSDM (Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 141–156. Available at: https://ejournal.ipdn.ac.id/JMSD/article/view/434 [Accessed 27/06/2023]
  37. Qiang, Y. 2019. Flood exposure of critical infrastructures in the United States. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, vol. 39
  38. Röthlisberger, V., Zischg, A. P., And Keiler, M. 2017. Identifying spatial clusters of flood exposure to support decision making in risk management. Science of the Total Environment, vol. 598, pp. 593–603
  39. Sahani, R. K., Badiger, S., Samrat, A., And Krishnan, S. 2023. Flood frequency and flood intensity changes in the post embankment period in the Kosi sub-basin India: Impact of location, caste, and class on the flood vulnerability of the marginal communities. Frontiers in Water, vol. 5
  40. Salami, R. O., Von Meding, J. K., And Giggins, H. 2017. Vulnerability of human settlements to flood risk in the core area of Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–14
  41. Samarinda City Government. 2021a. Rencana pembangunan jangka menengah daerah (RPJMD) Kota Samarinda tahun 2021-2026 [the medium-term development plan of Samarinda city year 2021-2026]. Samarinda City
  42. Samarinda City Government. 2021b. Portal banjir Samarinda [Samarinda flood portal]. Available at https://banjir.samarindakota.go.id/media/laman/fcadf714-e20f-40ef-a4bf-cb94100e02db [Accessed 16/08/2024]
  43. Sanches Brito, L.K.; Leite Costa, M.E.; Koide, S. 2020. Assessment of the Impact of residential urban patterns of different hillslopes on urban drainage systems and ecosystem services in the Federal district, Brazil. Sustainability, vol. 12, pp. 5859
  44. Schechtman, E., And Shelef, A. 2018. Correlation and the time interval over which the variables are measured – A non-parametric approach. PLoS One, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. e0206929
  45. Shariati, M., Kazemi, M., Naderi Samani, R., & Kaviani Rad, A. 2022. Applications of spatial statistics and spatial analysis in flooding assessment using GIS: A case study in Darab watershed, Iran. available at Research Square, preprint version 1
  46. Setiawan, H., Jalil M., Enggi S. M., Purwadi, F., Adios C. S., Brata, A. W., Jufda, A. S. 2020. Analisis penyebab banjir di kota Samarinda [Analysis of the Causes of flooding in Samarinda city]. Jurnal Geografi Gea, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 39-43
  47. Seyedashraf, O., Bottacin-Busolin, A. & Harou, J.J. 2021. Many-objective optimization of sustainable drainage systems in urban areas with different surface slopes. Water Resource Management, vol. 35, pp. 2449–2464
  48. Sohn, W., Brody, S. D., Kim, J.-H., & Li, M.-H. 2020. How effective are drainage systems in mitigating flood losses? Cities, vol. 107, p. 102917, DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2020.102917
  49. Sucipto. (2019, Juny 19). Banjir masih berpotensi terjadi di Samarinda [Floods still have potential to occur in Samarinda]. Kompas.id. available at: https://www.kompas.id/baca/utama/2019/06/19/banjir-masih-berpotensi-terjadi-di-samarinda/?status=sukses_login&status_login=login&loc=hard_paywall [Accessed 15/08/2024]
  50. Sucipto. (2020, January 15). Tata kawasan buruk, Samarinda kembali tergenang [Bad city planning, Samarinda flooded again]. Kompas.id. Available at: https://www.kompas.id/baca/utama/2020/01/15/tata-kawasan-buruk-memperparah-banjir-samarinda-2/ [Accessed 15/08/2024]
  51. Sukmara, R. B., Anwar, N., And Edijatno. 2015. Analisa penanggulangan banjir sungai Karang Mumus kota Samarinda [Flood control analysis of Karang Mumus river Samarinda]. Magister Thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya. Available at: www. repository.its.ac.id/62819/ [Accessed 17/06/2023]
  52. Sundari, Y. S. 2018. Memprediksi kawasan rawan banjir berdasarkan luas daerah genangan banjir di kota Samarinda [Flood prone areas predicting under the broad flood puddle area in Samarinda city]. Kurva S, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 113–119
  53. Sundari, Y. S., Purwanto, Eswan, & Hartawan, D. S. 2023. Prediction of the extent of flood indicators used from the slope map in the river flow area in the city of Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Journal of Engineering Research and Reports, vol. 25, no. 12, 110–115, DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i121045
  54. Tariq, M. A. U. R., Farooq, R., And Van De Giesen, N. 2020. A critical review of flood risk management and the selection of suitable measures. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), vol. 10, no. 23. MDPI AG, pp. 1–18
  55. Vojtek, M., And Vojteková, J. 2016. Flood hazard and flood risk assessment at the local spatial scale: a case study. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 1973–1992
  56. Wang, L., Lian, Y., And Chen, X. 2018. Quantifying the contribution of flood intensity indicators with the projection pursuit model. Hydrology Research, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 60–71, DOI: 10.2166/nh.2017.038
  57. Wang, N., Lombardo, L., Tonini, M., Cheng, W., Guo, L., And Xiong, J. 2021. Spatiotemporal clustering of flash floods in a changing climate (China, 1950-2015). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 2109–2124
  58. Wijaya, I., And Agustina, F. S. 2022. Analisa perencanaan ulang drainase (studi kasus jalan KH Wahid Hasyim Sempaja Samarinda) [Drainage re-planning analysis (case study of KH Wahid Hasyim Street, Sempaja, Samarinda]. Borneo Student Research, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 2317–2330. Available at: www.journals.umkt.ac.id/index.php/bsr/article/view/2709 [Accessed 17/06/2023]
  59. Williams, D. S., Costa, M. M., Celliers, L., And Sutherland, C. 2018. Informal settlements and flooding: Identifying strengths and weaknesses in local governance for water management. Water (Switzerland), vol. 10, no. 7
  60. Wakabayashi, H., Hongo, C., Igarashi, T., Asaoka, Y., Tjahjono, B., And Permata, I. 2018. Flooded rice paddy detection using Sentinel-1 and PlanetScope data: A case study of the 2018 spring flood in West Java, Indonesia. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 14, pp. 6291–6301
  61. Xu, H., Ma, C., Lian, J., Xu, K., And Chaima, E. 2018. Urban flooding risk assessment based on an integrated k-means cluster algorithm and improved entropy weight method in the region of Haikou, China. J Hydrol (Amst), vol. 563, pp. 975–986
  62. Yulianto, F., Sofan, P., Zubaidah, A., Sukowati, K. A. D., Pasaribu, J. M., And Khomarudin, M. R. 2015. Detecting areas affected by flood using multi-temporal ALOS PALSAR remotely sensed data in Karawang, West Java, Indonesia. Natural Hazards, vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 959–985
  63. Zhang, H., Fang, W., Zhang, H., And Yu, L. 2021. Assessment of direct economic losses of flood disasters based on spatial valuation of land use and quantification of vulnerabilities: a case study on the 2014 flood in Lishui City of China. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, vol. 21, no. 10, pp. 3161–3174
  64. Zakaria, I. (2021, October 21). Enam kelurahan di Samarinda masih terendam banjir, 11.994 jiwa terdampak [Six villages in Samarinda still flooded, 11,994 people affected]. Procal.Co: Portal Berita Kalimantan. Available at: https://www.prokal.co/kalimantan-timur/1773930118/enam-kelurahan-di-samarinda-masih-terendam-banjir-11994-jiwa-terdampak [Accessed 15/08/2024]

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-12-26 01:40:12

No citation recorded.