1Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Diponegoro I Semarang I Indonesia, Indonesia
2Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala I Surabaya I Indonesia, Indonesia
3Faculty of Education, Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia I Depok I Indonesia, Indonesia
BibTex Citation Data :
@article{JP81873, author = {Ika Kristiana and Ermida Simanjuntak and Bambang Sumintono and Unika Prihatsanti and Crossita Shofiefany}, title = {Cultivating distance learning: Developing and validating online teacher engagement scale using Rasch model}, journal = {Jurnal Psikologi}, volume = {25}, number = {2}, year = {2026}, keywords = {online learning; psychometric study; Rasch model; teacher engagement; validation}, abstract = { Background: Teacher engagement plays a crucial role in determining the success of online learning, particularly as digital education becomes increasingly prevalent. However, instruments to accurately assess teachers’ engagement in online learning contexts remain limited. Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate a measurement scale to assess teacher engagement in online learning. Method: The study involved 411 teachers from elementary to middle schools across various regions in Indonesia. The initial version of the Online Teacher Engagement Scale (OTES) consisted of 40 items measured using a five-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using the Rasch model. Findings : The analysis demonstrated that the OTES possessed strong psychometric properties, with a person reliability index of .89 and an item reliability index of .99. The 32 items were valid after passed some item tests criteria in the Rasch analysis. The explained raw variance of 38% suggested that the OTES measured the intended construct adequately, although five items displayed gender-based DIF, leading to their exclusion. Implication: OTES has broad potential as an evaluation instrument for schools, universities, and teacher training institutions in monitoring the level of teacher involvement during online learning. }, issn = {2302-1098}, pages = {176--193} doi = {10.14710/jp.25.2.176-193}, url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/psikologi/article/view/81873} }
Refworks Citation Data :
Background: Teacher engagement plays a crucial role in determining the success of online learning, particularly as digital education becomes increasingly prevalent. However, instruments to accurately assess teachers’ engagement in online learning contexts remain limited.
Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate a measurement scale to assess teacher engagement in online learning.
Method: The study involved 411 teachers from elementary to middle schools across various regions in Indonesia. The initial version of the Online Teacher Engagement Scale (OTES) consisted of 40 items measured using a five-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using the Rasch model.
Findings: The analysis demonstrated that the OTES possessed strong psychometric properties, with a person reliability index of .89 and an item reliability index of .99. The 32 items were valid after passed some item tests criteria in the Rasch analysis. The explained raw variance of 38% suggested that the OTES measured the intended construct adequately, although five items displayed gender-based DIF, leading to their exclusion.
Implication: OTES has broad potential as an evaluation instrument for schools, universities, and teacher training institutions in monitoring the level of teacher involvement during online learning.
Note: This article has supplementary file(s).
Article Metrics:
Last update:
Last update: 2026-10-26 15:18:05
The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to Jurnal Psikologi and Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Diponegoro as the publisher of the journal. Copyright encompasses rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms, and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations.
Jurnal Psikologi and Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Diponegoro and the Editors make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in Jurnal Psikologi are the sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.
The Copyright Transfer Form can be downloaded here: [Copyright Transfer Form JP]. The copyright form should be signed originally, scanned and uploaded as supplementary file when submitting the manuscript.
View My Stats
Jurnal Psikologi is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
