DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.17.4.271-278

KARAKTERISTIK HAMBUR BALIK AKUSTIK PADA IKAN KAKAKTUA (Chlorurus sordidus) MELALUI PENGUKURAN SECARA EX-SITU DENGAN METODE AKUSTIK

*Deddy Bakhtiar  -  Universitas Bengkulu, Indonesia
Indra Jaya  -  Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Henry M Manik  -  Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Hawis H Madduppa  -  Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

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Abstract

Ikan kakaktua (Chlorurus sordidus) merupakan salah satu ikan herbivora pada ekosistem terumbu karang yang memiliki peran dalam menjaga kesehatan terumbu karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik hambur balik akustik ikan kakaktua dan hubungannya dengan ukuran panjang ikan. Manfaat dari penelitian ini berguna untuk pendugaan distribusi ukuran dan kelimpahan ikan kakaktua di suatu perairan. Pengukuran hambur balik akustik dilakukan secara ex-situ menggunakan metode tethered, dimana ikan kakaktua digantung pada kedalaman 2 meter di bawah transduser dan di sounding dengan echosounder Simrad EK-15 pada frekuensi 200 kHz. Data hasil perekaman dianalisis dengan software Echoview 8 untuk memperoleh data target strength (TS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hambur balik ikan kakaktua (C. sordidus) memiliki nilai TS rata-rata -49.42 dB pada ukuran panjang baku berkisar 14 sampai 22 cm. Perbedaan nilai TS pada ikan kakaktua diduga dipengaruhi ukuran panjang tubuh, panjang gelembung renang dan aktifitas renang.  Rasio ukuran panjang gelembung renang dan panjang tubuh tidak menunjukkan keterkaitannya dengan nilai TS. Hubungan antara TS dan panjang baku ikan kakaktua (C. sordidus) diformulasikan dalam persamaan TS = 10,43 Log SL – 62,65 (R2 = 0,752). Hasil ini berbeda dengan ketetapan Love (1977) dimana hambur balik akustik dari ikan merupakan kuadrat dari ukuran panjang ikan yang tetapkan dengan nilai slope (b) sebesar 20.

 

Parrot fish (Chlorurus sordidus) is one of the herbivorous fish in coral reef ecosystems that has a role in maintaining the health of coral reefs. This study aims to study the characteristics of acoustic backscattering of parrot fish and their relationship to fish length measurements. The benefits of this study are useful for estimating the size and abundance distribution of parrot fish in a waters. Acoustic backscattering measurements were carried out ex-situ using the tethered method, where the parrot fish was hung at a depth of 2 meters below the transducer and sounded with a Simrad EK-15 echosounder at a frequency of 200 kHz. Recording data were analyzed with Echoview 8 software to obtain target strength (TS) data. The results showed that the backscatter of parrot fish (C. sordidus) had an average TS value of -49.42 dB at standard lengths ranging from 14 to 22 cm. Differences in TS values in parrot fish are thought to be influenced by body length, swimbladder length and swimming activity. The ratio of the size of the swimbladder length and body length does not indicate an association with TS values. The relationship between TS and standard length of parrot fish (C. sordidus) was formulated in the equation TS = 10.43 Log SL - 62.65 (R2 = 0.752). This result is different from the Love (1977) provision where the acoustic backscatter of a fish is the square of the length of the fish set with a slope (b) of 20.

 

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Keywords: target strength; gelembung renang; ikan herbivora; metode tethered; 20 log L

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