DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.21.1.8-14

PENILAIAN STOK IKAN BERBASIS PANJANG DAN HISTORI NELAYAN PADA PERIKANAN YANG TIDAK MEMILIKI DATA STATISTIK PENANGKAPAN

*Hartono Nurlette  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan Fakultas Perikanan dan Kehutanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku, Indonesia
Saiful Alimudi  -  Program Studi Perikanan Tangkap Fakultas Perikanan dan Kehutanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku, Indonesia
Armina Mahelatu  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan Fakultas Perikanan dan Kehutanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku, Indonesia
Harisa Lipugena  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan Fakultas Perikanan dan Kehutanan Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku, Indonesia

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Abstract

Penipisan stok ikan pada perikanan dunia saat ini menjadi perhatian yang serius karena mengancam keberlanjutan sumberdaya tersebut. Penilaian stok ikan tidak pernah dilakukan karena data yang terbatas. Namun, permasalahan ini dapat diatasi dengan memahami aspek biologi ikan, khususnya parameter populasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi stok ikan pada perikanan yang minim data penangkapan untuk pengelolaan berkelanjutan. Data panjang ikan Decapterus macarellus sebagai tangkapan utama dikumpulkan untuk memperkirakan parameter pertumbuhan, mortalitas dan eksploitasi dengan Paket TropFishR yang dikembangkan pada program R sehingga cukup handal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stok berada pada kondisi underfished. Tingkat eksploitasi berada di angka (E = 0,30), mortalitas total sebesar (Z = 1.52), mortalitas alami sebesar (M = 1,06) dan mortalitas penangkapan sebesar (F = 0,46). Parameter pertumbuhan von Bertalanffy terdiri dari panjang asimptotik (L∞ = 30 cm), koefisien pertumbuhan (K = 0,7), dan indeks kinerja pertumbuhan (Φ’ = 2,81). Tingkat eksploitasi saat ini masih rendah dibawah eksploitasi optimum (Eopt = 0,53) dan penangkapan optimum (Fopt = 2,92). Pemanfaatan masih mungkin ditingkatkan dengan selalu mengontrol masukan dan luaran serta penangkapan panjang dewasa pertama.

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Keywords: Stok Ikan; TropFishR; Ikan Layang; Perikanan Berkelanjutan; Pulau Buano

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