DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.21.4.238-247

ANALISIS KEKERABATAN GENETIK PADA IKAN DEWA (MAHSEER) DARI SUNGAI DI PULAU JAWA MENGGUNAKAN GEN COI

*Nabil Fathi Muyassar  -  Departement of Fisheries, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung - Sumedang Km.21 Jatinangor Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia 40132|Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Yuniar Mulyani orcid scopus  -  Departement of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Irfan Zidni orcid scopus  -  Departement of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Titin Herawati orcid scopus  -  Departement of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

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Abstract

Ikan dewa (mahseer) penting untuk konservasi di Pulau Jawa karena tingginya nilai ekonomis dan ekologis, sehingga diperlukan analisis kekerabatan genetik. Penelitian dilakukan di Sungai Sungapan, Sungai Cimanuk, Curug Tonjong, Curug Cimedang, Sungai Ciwulan, Sungai Serayu, Sungai Progo, Sungai Samin, Sungai Kedung Minten, dan Sungai Brantas di pulau Jawa, bertujuan menganalisis kekerabatan genetik ikan dewa. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengambilan sampel acak dari sungai di pulau Jawa. Identifikasi molekuler menggunakan gen COI (Cytochrome Oxidase I) untuk menganalisis jarak dan kekerabatan genetik, lalu data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil elektroforesis menunjukkan amplikon ±700 bp dari gen COI untuk semua sampel. Analisis sekuens menggunakan BOLD System mengidentifikasi sampel memiliki kemiripan dengan Tor tambra dan Neolissochilus soro. Analisis genetik menggunakan MEGA11 menunjukkan jarak genetik antara spesies Tor sp. dengan spesies Neolissochilus sp. sebesar 0,0-3,2%, mengindikasikan perbedaan spesies. Tor sp. dari beberapa sungai menunjukkan kekerabatan dekat (≤1%) dengan spesies Tor lainnya (T. tambra, T. mekongensis, T. dongnaiensis). Namun, Neolissochilus sp. dari sungai lain memiliki jarak genetik tinggi (hingga 6%) dengan genus Neolissochilus dari GeneBank. Analisis filogenetik memperkuat hasil ini, mengelompokkan sampel menjadi dua klaster monofiletik yang berbeda secara genetik, yaitu klaster Tor sp. yang berkerabat dekat dengan T. tambra, dan klaster Neolissochilus sp. yang terpisah dan berkerabat jauh dengan spesies Neolissochilus lain yang tersedia di GeneBank.

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Keywords: Ikan Dewa; Kekerabatan Genetik; COI; Jarak Genetik; Monofiletik

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