DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/teknik.v41i1.23473

Peningkatan Kekuatan Sifat Mekanis Komposit Serat Alam menggunakan Serat Enceng Gondok (Tinjauan Pustaka)

*Sulardjaka Sulardjaka scopus  -  Departemen Teknik Mesin, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Sri Nugroho scopus  -  Departemen Teknik Mesin, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Rifky Ismail scopus  -  Departemen Teknik Mesin, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
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Abstract

Enceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) merupakan tumbuhan perairan yang memiliki laju pertumbuhan cepat. Pertumbuhan populasi yang tinggi menyebabkan berbagai persoalan yang menyangkut gangguan keseimbangan ekosistem, gangguan irigasi dan sedimentasi. Enceng gondok memiliki potensi untuk diaplikasikan dalam pembuatan komposit serat alam. Serat selulosa dari tanaman enceng gondok dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai penguat pada pembuatan komposit. Kajian pustaka ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kajian potensi pengembangan pemanfaatan serat enceng gondok dalam pembuatan komposit serat alam. Pemanfaatan serat enceng gondok sebagai penguat komposit untuk aplikasi komersial masih sangat terbatas. Hal ini disebabkan sifat mekanis yang dihasilkan masih rendah. Untuk mendapatkan kekuatan komposit yang semakin meningkat, diperlukan penerapan dan optimasi parameter proses pengolahan serat, perlakuan awal serat dalam pembuatan komposit serat enceng gondok. Kajian pustaka ini selain memberikan kajian literatur tentang sifat fisis dan mekanis komposit serat enceng gondok yang telah dihasilkan juga memberikan kajian literatur tentang faktor yang mempengaruhi sifat serat alam, sifat kimia, sifat fisis, sifat mekanis, proses pembuatan serat, dan perlakuan serat sehingga hasil penelitian tersebut dapat digunakan rujukan dalam pengembangan komposit dengan penguat serat enceng gondok.

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Keywords: serat enceng gondok; komposit serat alam; sifat mekanis; sifat fisis; sifat kimia; penguatan

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