The Effects of Different Roughness Configurations on Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine Airfoil and Blade

Kamyar Jafari -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eqbal Lahuri Institution of Higher Education, Mashhad, Iran, Islamic Republic of
*Mohammad Hassan Djavareshkian -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Behzad Forouzi Feshalami -  Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Published: 6 Nov 2017.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2017 International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Citation Format:
Article Info
Section: Original Research Article
Language: EN
Full Text:
In Vol 6, No 3 (2017): October 2017
Statistics: 2059 654
Abstract

 In this research, viscous and turbulent flow is simulated numerically on an E387 airfoil as well as on a turbine blade. The main objective of this paper is to investigate various configurations of roughness to find a solution in order to mitigate roughness destructive impacts. Hence, the sand grain roughness is distributed uniformly along pressure side, suction side and both sides during the manufacturing process. Navier-Stokes equations are discretized by the finite volume method and are solved by SIMPLE algorithm. Results indicated that in contrast with previous studies, the roughness will be useful if it is applied on only pressure side of the airfoil. In this condition, the lift coefficient is increased to  and 1.2% compare to the airfoil with rough and smooth sides, respectively. However, in 3-D simulation, the lift coefficient of the blade with pressure surface roughness is less than smooth blade, but still its destructive impacts are much less than of both surfaces roughness and suction surfaces roughness. Therefore, it can be deduced that in order to reveal the influence of roughness, the simulation must be accomplished in three dimensions.

Article History: Received Jun 12th 2017; Received in revised form August 27th 2017; Accepted Oct 3rd 2017; Available online

How to Cite This Article: Jafari, K., Djavareshkian, M.H., Feshalami, B.H. (2017) The Effects of Different Roughness Configurations on Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine Airfoil and Blade. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(3), 273-281.

https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.273-281

Keywords
Roughness, wind turbine blade, aerodynamic, E387 airfoil, CFD

Article Metrics:

  1. Bai, T., Liu, J., Zhang, W., & Zou, Z. (2014). Effect of surface roughness on the aerodynamic performance of turbine blade cascade. Propulsion and Power Research, 3(2), 82-89.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212540X14000194
  2. Bidarouni, A. L., & Djavareshkian, M. H. (2013). An Optimization of Wind Turbine Airfoil Possessing Good Stall Characteristics by Genetic Algorithm Utilizing CFD and Neural Network. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, 3(4), 993-1003.http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/ijrer/article/view/5000174312/0
  3. Blocken, B., Stathopoulos, T., & Carmeliet, J. (2007). CFD simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer: wall function problems. Atmospheric environment, 41(2), 238-252.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S135223100600834X
  4. C.Krishnaswami (2013). Experimental Analysis of Near and Transitional Wind Turbine Wake Using Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry. Master of Science Thesis, Delft University of Technology.
  5. Cebeci, T., & Bradshaw, P. (1977). Momentum transfer in boundary layers. Washington, DC, Hemisphere Publishing Corp.; New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1977. 407 p.http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1977hemi.book.....C
  6. Chakroun, W., Al-Mesri, I., & Al-Fahad, S. (2004). Effect of surface roughness on the aerodynamic characteristics of a symmetrical airfoil. Wind Engineering, 28(5), 547-564.http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1260/0309524043028136
  7. Darbandi, M., Mohajer, A., Behrouzifar, A., Jalali, R., & Schneider, G. E. (2014). Evaluating the effect of blade surface roughness in megawatt wind turbine performance using analytical and numerical approaches. 10th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics Florida.http://www.repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/44584
  8. David, C. M., Edward, B. W., Benjamin, W., Christopher, M. L., Dam, C. P. v., & Joshua, A. P. (2016). Experimental Measurement and CFD Model Development of Thick Wind Turbine Airfoils with Leading Edge Erosion. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 753(2).http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/753/i=2/a=022013
  9. Douvi, E., & Margaris, D. (2012). Aerodynamic Performance Investigation under the Influence of Heavy Rain of a NACA 0012 Airfoil for Wind Turbine Applications. International Review of Mechanical Engineering (I. RE. ME), 6(6), 1228-1235.https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dionissios_Margaris/publication/257652328_Aerodynamic_Performance_Investigation_under_the_Influence_of_Heavy_Rain_of_a_NACA_0012_Airfoil_for_Wind_Turbine_Applications/links/00b7d53c8dcc27a468000000.pdf
  10. El-Din, A. H., & Diab, A. (2016). A Preliminary Study of the Blade Erosion for a Wind Turbine Operating in a Dusty Environment. ASME Turbo Expo : Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition.http://proceedings.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/proceeding.aspx?articleid=2555666
  11. Gadelmawla, E. S., Koura, M. M., Maksoud, T. M. A., Elewa, I. M., & Soliman, H. H. (2002). Roughness parameters. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 123(1), 133-145.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924013602000602
  12. GlobalWindEnergyCouncil(GWEC).Globalwindstatistics., http://www.gwec.net/wp-content/up-, A. f., loads/vip/GWEC-Global-Wind-2015-Report_April-2016_, & 22_04.pdf.) Accessed on April 27,
  13. Homola, M. C., Virk, M. S., Wallenius, T., Nicklasson, P. J., & Sundsbø, P. A. (2010). Effect of atmospheric temperature and droplet size variation on ice accretion of wind turbine blades. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 98(12), 724-729.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167610510000693
  14. Hövelmann, A., Knoth, F., & Breitsamter, C. (2016). AVT-183 diamond wing flow field characteristics Part 1: Varying leading-edge roughness and the effects on flow separation onset. Aerospace Science and Technology, 57, 18-30.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S127096381630013X
  15. Hummel, F., Lötzerich, M., Cardamone, P., & Fottner, L. (2005). Surface roughness effects on turbine blade aerodynamics. Journal of Turbomachinery, 127(3),
  16. -461.http://turbomachinery.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=1467032
  17. Ioselevich, V., & Pilipenko, V. (1974). Logarithmic velocity profile for flow of a weak polymer solution near a rough surface. Soviet Physics Doklady.http://turbomachinery.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=1467032
  18. Khalfallah, M. G., & Koliub, A. M. (2007). Effect of dust on the performance of wind turbines. Desalination, 209(1), 209-220.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001191640700121X
  19. Khanjari, A., Sarreshtehdari, A., & Mahmoodi, E. (2017). Modeling of Energy and Exergy Efficiencies of a Wind Turbine Based on the Blade Element Momentum Theory Under Different Roughness Intensities. Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 139(2), 022006.https://energyresources.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleID=2552721
  20. Levin, L. Y., Semin, M. A., & Klyukin, Y. A. (2014). Estimation of wall roughness functions acceptability in CFD simulation of mine ventilation networks. Proceedings of Summer School-Conference “Advanced Problems in Mechanics
  21. Liu, S., & Qin, N. (2014). Modelling roughness effects for transitional low Reynolds number aerofoil flows. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 229(2), 280-289.http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0954410014530875
  22. Meng-Huang, L., & William, W. L. (2009). Numerical Study of Roughness Effects on a NACA 0012 Airfoil Using a New Second-Order Closure of the Rough Wall Layer Modeling. 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including The New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition.https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2009-52
  23. Munduate, X., & Ferrer, E. (2009). CFD Predictions of Transition and Distributed Roughness Over a Wind Turbine Airfoil. 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including The New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition.http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-269
  24. Natarajan, D., & Hangan, H. (2009). Numerical study on the effects of surface roughness on tornado-like flows. 11th Americas Conference on Wind Engineering
  25. Ren, N., & Ou, J. (2009). Dust effect on the performance of wind turbine airfoils. Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications, 1(2), 102
  26. Saber, M. R., & Djavareshkian, M. H. (2014). Comparison of Performance Base and Optimized Blades of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER), 4(1), 61-68
  27. Sagol, E., Reggio, M., & Ilinca, A. (2013). Issues concerning roughness on wind turbine blades. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 23, 514-525.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032113001366
  28. Soltani, M., Askari, F., & Sadri, V. (2016). Roughness and turbulence effects on the aerodynamic efficiency of a wind turbine blade section. Scientia Iranica. Transaction B, Mechanical Engineering, 23(3), 927-941.https://search.proquest.com/openview/57f8fb491dc14cc794885c351d39ae78/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=54701
  29. Soltani, M. R., Birjandi, A. H., & Seddighi Moorani, M. (2011). Effect of surface contamination on the performance of a section of a wind turbine blade. Scientia Iranica, 18(3), 349-357.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1026309811000897
  30. Somers, D. M. (1989). "Design and Experimental Results for the S809 Airfoil." from http://www.nrel.gov/docs/legosti/old/6918.pdf.
  31. Timmer, W., & Schaffarczyk, A. (2004). The effect of roughness at high Reynolds numbers on the performance of aerofoil DU 97‐W‐300Mod. Wind Energy, 7(4), 295-307.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/we.136/full
  32. Versteeg, H. K., & Malalasekera, W. (2007). An introduction to computational fluid dynamics: the finite volume method, Pearson Education.
  33. Walker, J. M., Flack, K. A., Lust, E. E., Schultz, M. P., & Luznik, L. (2014). Experimental and numerical studies of blade roughness and fouling on marine current turbine performance. Renewable Energy, 66, 257-267.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148113006769
  34. Wu, P., Li, C., & Li, Z. M. (2013). Numerical Simulation of Influence with Surface Contamination on Aerodynamic Performance of Dedicated Wind Turbine Airfoil. Advanced Materials Research, 724, 572-575.https://www.scientific.net/AMR.724-725.572
  35. Zidane, I. F., Saqr, K. M., Swadener, G., Ma, X., & Shehadeh, M. F. (2016). On the role of surface roughness in the aerodynamic performance and energy conversion of horizontal wind turbine blades: a review. International Journal of Energy Research, 40(15), 2054–2077 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/er.3580/full

The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to International Journal of Renewable Energy Development and Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University as publisher of the journal.

Copyright encompasses exclusive rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations. The reproduction of any part of this journal, its storage in databases and its transmission by any form or media, such as electronic, electrostatic and mechanical copies, photocopies, recordings, magnetic media, etc. , will be allowed only with a written permission from International Journal of Renewable Energy Development and Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University.

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development and Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University, the Editors and the Advisory International Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the International Journal of Renewable Energy Development are sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.