Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina Platensis Residue


Analysis of thermal decomposition and pyrolisis reaction kinetics of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR) was performed using Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Thermal decomposition was conducted with the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min from 30 to 1000oC. Thermogravimetric (TG), Differential Thermal Gravimetric (DTG), and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) curves were then obtained. Each of the curves was divided into 3 stages. In Stage I, water vapor was released in endothermic condition. Pyrolysis occurred in exothermic condition in Stage II, which was divided into two zones according to the weight loss rate, namely zone 1 and zone 2. It was found that gasification occurred in Stage III in endothermic condition. The heat requirement and heat release on thermal decomposition of SPR are described by DTA curve, where 3 peaks were obtained for heating rate 10, 20 and 30°C/min and 2 peaks for 40 and 50°C/min, all peaks present in Zone 2. As for the DTG curve, 2 peaks were obtained in Zone 1 for similar heating rates variation. On the other hand, thermal decomposition of proteins and carbohydrates is indicated by the presence of peaks on the DTG curve, where lignin decomposition do not occur due to the low lipid content of SPR (0.01wt%). The experiment results and calculations using one-step global model successfully showed that the activation energy (Ea) for the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min for zone 1 were 35.455, 41.102, 45.702, 47.892 and 47.562 KJ/mol, respectively, and for zone 2 were 0.0001428, 0.0001240, 0.0000179, 0.0000100 and 0.0000096 KJ/mol, respectively.
Keywords: Spirulina platensis residue (SPR), Pyrolysis, Thermal decomposition, Peak, Activation energy.
Article History: Received June 15th 2017; Received in revised form August 12th 2017; Accepted August 20th 2017; Available online
How to Cite This Article: Jamilatun, S., Budhijanto, Rochmadi, and Budiman, A. (2017) Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6(3), 193-201.
https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201
Article Metrics:
- Agrawal, A. & Chakraborty, S. (2013) A kinetic study of pyrolysis and combustion of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris using thermo-gravimetric analysis. Bioresour. Technol., 128, 72–80
- Ananda, V., Sunjeeva, V. & Vinua, R. (2016) Catalytic fast pyrolysis of Arthrospira platensis (spirulina) algae using zeolites. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 118, 298–307
- Chisti, Y. (2008) Biodiesel from microalgae beats bioethanol. Trends. Biotechnol., 26, 126 - 131. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.12.002
- Chaiwong, K., Kiatsiriroat, T., Vorayos, N. & Thararax, C. (2013) Study of bio-oil and bio-char production from algae by slow pyrolysis. Biomass Bioenerg., 56, 600-606
- Ceylan, S., Topcu, Y. & Ceylan, Z. (2014) Thermal behaviour and kinetics of algae Polysiphonia elongata biomass during pyrolysis. Bioresour. Technol., 171, 193–198
- Chen, W.H., Lin, B-J., Huang, M-Y. & Chang, J-S. (2015) Thermochemical conversion of microalgal biomass into biofuels: A review. Bioresour. Technol., 184, 314–327
- Dragone, G., Fernandes, B., Vicente, A. & Teixeira, J.A. (2010) Third generation biofuels from microalgae. In: Vilas AM, editor. Current research, technology and education topics in applied microbiology and microbial biotechnology. Badajoz: Formatex Research Center; 1355-66
- De Wild, P.J., Reith, H. & Heeres, H.J. (2011) Biomass pyrolysis for chemicals. Biofuels, 2 (2), 185 – 208
- Daniyanto, Sutijan, Deendarlianto, & Budiman, A. (2016) Reaction kinetic of pyrolysis in mechanism of pyrolysis-gasification process of dry torrified-sugarcane bagasse. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 11, Issue 16, 9974-9980
- El-Sayed, S.A. & Mostafa, M.E. (2014) Pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic parameters determination of biomass fuel powders by differential thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG). Energ. Conversion and Manag, 85, 165–172
- Hadiyanto, Widayat & Kumoro, A.C. (2012) Potency of microalgae as biodiesel source in Indonesia. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 1, 23-27
- Hadiyanto H., Christwardana, M. & Soetri, D. (2013) Phytoremediations of palm oil mill effluent (POME) by using aquatic plants and microalgae for biomass production. Journal of Environmental and Technology. ISSN 1994-7887/DOI: 10.3923/jest.2013
- Hu, M., Chen, Z., Guo, D., Liu, C., Xiao, B., Hu, Z. & Liu, S. (2015) Thermogravimetric study on pyrolysis kinetics of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and bloom-forming cyanobacteria. Bioresour Technol., 177, 41–50
- Lia, J., Wanga, G., Wanga, Z., Zhanga, L., Wang, C. & Yang, Z. (2013) Conversion of Enteromorpha prolifera to high-quality liquid oil viadeoxy-liquefaction. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 104, 494–501
- Li, S., Ma, X., Liu, G. & Guo, M. (2016) A TG–FTIR investigation to the co-pyrolysis of oil shale with coal. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 120, 540–548
- Ojolo, S.J., Oshekub, C.A. & Sobamowoa, M.G. (2013) Analytical investigations of kinetic and heat transfer in slow pyrolysis of a biomass particle. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 2 (2), 105-115
- Prakash, N. & Karunanithi, T. (2008) Kinetic modeling in biomass pyrolysis – A Review. J. Appl. Sci. Res., 4(12), 1627-1636
- Pratama, N.N. & Saptoadi, H. (2014) Characteristics of waste plastics pyrolytic oil and its applications as alternative fuel on our cylinder diesel engines. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 3 (1), 13-20
- Sunarno, Herman, S., Rochmadi, Mulyono, P. & Budiman, A. (2017) Effect of Support on Catalytic Cracking of Bio-Oil over Ni/Silica-Alumina. AIP Conference Proceedings 1823, 020089; doi: 10.1063/1.4978162
- Suganya, T., Varman, M., Masjuki, H.H. & Renganathan, S. (2016) Macroalgae and microalgae as a potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production: A biorefinery approach. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 55, 909–941
- Wijffels, R.H., Barbosa, M.J. & Eppink, M.H.M. (2010) Microalgae for the production of bulk chemicals and biofuels. Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr. 4(3), 287-295
- Widiyannita, A.M., Cahyono, R.B., Budiman, Sutijan, A. & Akiyama, T. (2015) Study of pyrolysis of ulin wood residues. AIP Conference Proceedings 1755, 050004
- Wang, X., Hu, M., Hu, W., Chen, Z., Liu, S., Hu, Z. & Xiao, B. (2016) Thermogravimetric kinetic study of agricultural residue biomass pyrolysis based on combined kinetics. Bioresour. Technol., 219, 510–52
- Wicakso, D.R., Sutijan, Rochmadi, & Budiman, A. (2017) Study of catalytic upgrading of biomass tars using Indonesian iron ore. AIP Conference Proceedings 1823, 020094; doi: 10.1063/1.4978167
Last update: 2021-03-08 07:37:35
-
Rheological and kinetic studies of low density polyetyhlene (LDPE) – chitosan biocomposite film
Y Kusumastuti, D Timotius, N R E Putri, M W Syabani, Rochmadi. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 127 , 2020. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/722/1/012054 -
Bio-Oil Characterizations of Spirulina Platensis Residue (SPR) Pyrolysis Products for Renewable Energy Development
Key Engineering Materials, 127 , 2020. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.849.47 -
Catalytic and non−catalytic pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR): Effects of temperature and catalyst content on bio-oil yields and its composition
THERMOFLUID X: 10th International Conference on Thermofluids 2019, 127 , 2020. doi: 10.1063/5.0013164
Last update: 2021-03-08 07:37:35
-
Effects of temperature and catalysts on the yield of bio-oil during the pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis residue
Jamilatun S.. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 10 (2), 2020. -
Rheological and kinetic studies of low density polyetyhlene (LDPE) - Chitosan biocomposite film
Kusumastuti Y.. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 127 (1), 2020. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/722/1/012054 -
Ex-situ catalytic upgrading of Spirulina platensis residue oil using silica alumina catalyst
Jamilatun S.. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 9 (4), 2019. -
Catalytic pyrolysis of spirulina platensis residue (SPR): Thermochemical behavior and kinetics
Jamilatun S.. International Journal of Technology, 11 (3), 2020. doi: 10.14716/ijtech.v11i3.2967 -
Effect Of Grain Size, Temperature And Catalyst Amount On Pyrolysis Products Of Spirulina Platensis Residue (Spr)
Jamilatun S.. International Journal of Technology, 10 (3), 2019. doi: 10.14716/ijtech.v10i3.2918 -
Non-catalytic and Catalytic Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR) in Fixed-Bed Reactors: Characteristic and Kinetic Study with Primary and Secondary Tar Cracking Models
Jamilatun S.. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 10 (4), 2020. -
Catalytic and noncatalytic pyrolysis of spirulina platensis residue (spr): Effects of temperature and catalyst content on bio-oil yields and its composition
Jamilatun S.. AIP Conference Proceedings, 127 , 2020. doi: 10.1063/5.0013164 -
In situ resource utilization - Analogues for a lunar constructed magnetron via 3D printing and microwave casting
Ellery A.. Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress, IAC, 127 , 2019. -
Bio-oil characterizations of spirulina platensis residue (Spr) pyrolysis products for renewable energy development
Siti J.. Key Engineering Materials, 127 , 2020. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.849.47

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. Articles are freely available to both subscribers and the wider public with permitted reuse.
All articles published Open Access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download. We are continuously working with our author communities to select the best choice of license options: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA). Authors and readers can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, but they must give appropriate credit (cite to the article or content), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.