Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina Platensis Residue

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201

Article Metrics: (Click on the Metric tab below to see the detail)

Article Info
Submitted: 23-06-2017
Published: 06-11-2017
Section: Articles
In Vol 6, No 3 (2017): October 2017
Fulltext PDF Tell your colleagues Email the author

 Analysis of thermal decomposition and pyrolisis reaction kinetics of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR) was performed using Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Thermal decomposition was conducted with the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min from 30 to 1000oC. Thermogravimetric (TG), Differential Thermal Gravimetric (DTG), and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) curves were then obtained. Each of the curves was divided into 3 stages. In Stage I, water vapor was released in endothermic condition. Pyrolysis occurred in exothermic condition in Stage II, which was divided into two zones according to the weight loss rate, namely zone 1 and zone 2. It was found that gasification occurred in Stage III in endothermic condition. The heat requirement and heat release on thermal decomposition of SPR are described by DTA curve, where 3 peaks were obtained for heating rate 10, 20 and 30°C/min and 2 peaks for 40 and 50°C/min, all peaks present in Zone 2. As for the DTG curve, 2 peaks were obtained in Zone 1 for similar heating rates variation. On the other hand, thermal decomposition of proteins and carbohydrates is indicated by the presence of peaks on the DTG curve, where lignin decomposition do not occur due to the low lipid content of SPR (0.01wt%). The experiment results and calculations using one-step global model successfully showed that the activation energy (Ea) for the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min for zone 1 were 35.455, 41.102, 45.702, 47.892 and 47.562 KJ/mol, respectively, and for zone 2 were 0.0001428, 0.0001240, 0.0000179, 0.0000100 and 0.0000096 KJ/mol, respectively.

Keywords: Spirulina platensis residue (SPR), Pyrolysis, Thermal decomposition, Peak, Activation energy.

Article History: Received June 15th 2017; Received in revised form August 12th 2017; Accepted August 20th 2017; Available online

How to Cite This Article: Jamilatun, S., Budhijanto, Rochmadi, and Budiman, A. (2017) Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6(3), 193-201.

https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201

Keywords

Spirulina platensis residue (SPR); Pyrolysis Thermal decomposition; Peak; Activation energy

  1. Siti Jamilatun 
    Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
  2. Budhijanto Budhijanto 
    Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
  3. Rochmadi Rochmadi 
    Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
  4. Arief Budiman 
    Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
  1. Agrawal, A. & Chakraborty, S. (2013) A kinetic study of pyrolysis and combustion of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris using thermo-gravimetric analysis. Bioresour. Technol., 128, 72–80.
  2. Ananda, V., Sunjeeva, V. & Vinua, R. (2016) Catalytic fast pyrolysis of Arthrospira platensis (spirulina) algae using zeolites. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 118, 298–307.
  3. Chisti, Y. (2008) Biodiesel from microalgae beats bioethanol. Trends. Biotechnol., 26, 126 - 131. doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.12.002.
  4. Chaiwong, K., Kiatsiriroat, T., Vorayos, N. & Thararax, C. (2013) Study of bio-oil and bio-char production from algae by slow pyrolysis. Biomass Bioenerg., 56, 600-606.
  5. Ceylan, S., Topcu, Y. & Ceylan, Z. (2014) Thermal behaviour and kinetics of algae Polysiphonia elongata biomass during pyrolysis. Bioresour. Technol., 171, 193–198.
  6. Chen, W.H., Lin, B-J., Huang, M-Y. & Chang, J-S. (2015) Thermochemical conversion of microalgal biomass into biofuels: A review. Bioresour. Technol., 184, 314–327.
  7. Dragone, G., Fernandes, B., Vicente, A. & Teixeira, J.A. (2010) Third generation biofuels from microalgae. In: Vilas AM, editor. Current research, technology and education topics in applied microbiology and microbial biotechnology. Badajoz: Formatex Research Center; 1355-66.
  8. De Wild, P.J., Reith, H. & Heeres, H.J. (2011) Biomass pyrolysis for chemicals. Biofuels, 2 (2), 185 – 208.
  9. Daniyanto, Sutijan, Deendarlianto, & Budiman, A. (2016) Reaction kinetic of pyrolysis in mechanism of pyrolysis-gasification process of dry torrified-sugarcane bagasse. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 11, Issue 16, 9974-9980.
  10. El-Sayed, S.A. & Mostafa, M.E. (2014) Pyrolysis characteristics and kinetic parameters determination of biomass fuel powders by differential thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG). Energ. Conversion and Manag, 85, 165–172.
  11. Hadiyanto, Widayat & Kumoro, A.C. (2012) Potency of microalgae as biodiesel source in Indonesia. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 1, 23-27.
  12. Hadiyanto H., Christwardana, M. & Soetri, D. (2013) Phytoremediations of palm oil mill effluent (POME) by using aquatic plants and microalgae for biomass production. Journal of Environmental and Technology. ISSN 1994-7887/DOI:10.3923/jest.2013.
  13. Hu, M., Chen, Z., Guo, D., Liu, C., Xiao, B., Hu, Z. & Liu, S. (2015) Thermogravimetric study on pyrolysis kinetics of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and bloom-forming cyanobacteria. Bioresour Technol., 177, 41–50.
  14. Lia, J., Wanga, G., Wanga, Z., Zhanga, L., Wang, C. & Yang, Z. (2013) Conversion of Enteromorpha prolifera to high-quality liquid oil viadeoxy-liquefaction. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 104, 494–501.
  15. Li, S., Ma, X., Liu, G. & Guo, M. (2016) A TG–FTIR investigation to the co-pyrolysis of oil shale with coal. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 120, 540–548.
  16. Ojolo, S.J., Oshekub, C.A. & Sobamowoa, M.G. (2013) Analytical investigations of kinetic and heat transfer in slow pyrolysis of a biomass particle. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 2 (2), 105-115.
  17. Prakash, N. & Karunanithi, T. (2008) Kinetic modeling in biomass pyrolysis – A Review. J. Appl. Sci. Res., 4(12), 1627-1636.
  18. Pratama, N.N. & Saptoadi, H. (2014) Characteristics of waste plastics pyrolytic oil and its applications as alternative fuel on our cylinder diesel engines. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 3 (1), 13-20
  19. Sunarno, Herman, S., Rochmadi, Mulyono, P. & Budiman, A. (2017) Effect of Support on Catalytic Cracking of Bio-Oil over Ni/Silica-Alumina. AIP Conference Proceedings 1823, 020089; doi: 10.1063/1.4978162.
  20. Suganya, T., Varman, M., Masjuki, H.H. & Renganathan, S. (2016) Macroalgae and microalgae as a potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production: A biorefinery approach. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 55, 909–941.
  21. Wijffels, R.H., Barbosa, M.J. & Eppink, M.H.M. (2010) Microalgae for the production of bulk chemicals and biofuels. Biofuels Bioproducts & Biorefining-Biofpr. 4(3), 287-295.
  22. Widiyannita, A.M., Cahyono, R.B., Budiman, Sutijan, A. & Akiyama, T. (2015) Study of pyrolysis of ulin wood residues. AIP Conference Proceedings 1755, 050004.
  23. Wang, X., Hu, M., Hu, W., Chen, Z., Liu, S., Hu, Z. & Xiao, B. (2016) Thermogravimetric kinetic study of agricultural residue biomass pyrolysis based on combined kinetics. Bioresour. Technol., 219, 510–52.
  24. Wicakso, D.R., Sutijan, Rochmadi, & Budiman, A. (2017) Study of catalytic upgrading of biomass tars using Indonesian iron ore. AIP Conference Proceedings 1823, 020094; doi: 10.1063/1.4978167