DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.18.2.375-383

Identifikasi dan Perbandingan Kelimpahan Sampah Plastik Berdasarkan Ukuran pada Sedimen di Beberapa Pantai Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur

1Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Indonesia

2Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Received: 30 Jan 2020; Published: 31 Aug 2020.
Editor(s): Sudarno Utomo

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Abstract

Produksi dan penggunaan plastik yang semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun tentunya akan berdampak pada jumlah sampah yang tersebar dan berakhir di laut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di beberapa pantai yang terdapat di Kabupaten Pasuruan yaitu: Pantai Lekok, Pasir Panjang, Watuprapat dan Kapasan. Pemilihan keempat lokasi tersebut dikarenakan masih minimnya pengelolaan sampah plastik serta tingginya aktivitas masyarakat yang berpotensi menimbulkan pencemaran plastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberadaan plastik berdasarkan ukurannya (makroplastik, mesoplastik dan mikroplastik) serta membandingkan kelimpahan sampah plastik di keempat pantai tersebut. Area sampling makroplastik menggunakan transek kuadran 5 x 5 m dan di dalamnya diletakkan transek kuadran 0,5 x 0,5 m untuk sampling mesoplastik dan mikroplastik. Sampel mikroplastik dilakukan dengan mengambil sedimen sedalam 0-3 cm. Tahap identifikasi makro-mesoplastik dilakukan secara insitu sedangkan identifikasi mikroplastik dilakukan secara eksitu di laboratorium. Empat jenis sampah plastik ditemukan yaitu film, fiber, fragmen dan styrofoam. Film mendominasi di semua ukuran di keempat pantai yang selanjutnya diikuti oleh fiber, fragmen dan styrofoam. Hal ini dikarenakan tingginya penggunaan plastik sekali pakai seperti kantong plastik, bungkus makanan dan juga alat tangkap ikan.  Terdapat perbedaan kelimpahan total sampah plastik di setiap pantai untuk setiap ukuran. Kelimpahan sampah plastik di setiap ukurannya ditemukan lebih besar di Pantai Lekok dan Pasir Panjang dibandingkan di Pantai Watuprapat dan Kapasan.  Perbedaan tersebut disebabkan oleh perbedaan tingkat aktivitas manusia di keempat pantai sebagai penyumbang pencemaran plastik.  

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Keywords: Kabupaten Pasuruan; Kelimpahan; Makroplastik; Mesoplastik; Mikroplastik

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