DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.18.3.446-454

Pengaruh Beban Hidrolik pada Biofilter Anaerobik untuk Mengolah Air Limbah Rumah Potong Ayam dengan Menggunakan Persamaan Eckenfelder

Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, Indonesia

Received: 12 Jun 2020; Published: 30 Nov 2020.
Editor(s): Sudarno Utomo

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Abstract

Industri Rumah Potong Ayam (RPA) bergerak dalam fungsi pemotongan ayam hidup dan mengolah menjadi karkas yang siap konsumsi. Industri RPA menghasilkan limbah baik dalam proses itu sendiri serta dalam mencuci peralatan dan fasilitas, hal ini ditandai dengan tingginya konsentrasi zat organik dan padatan tersuspensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh beban hidrolik pada biofilter anaerobik dengan menggunakan persamaan Eckenfelder berdasarkan variasi konsentrasi air limbah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen yang dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium. Variasi beban hidrolik yang digunakan yaitu 0,0015 m3/m2.hari, 0,0022 m3/m2.hari, dan 0,0035 m3/m2.hari. Media yang digunakan sebagai tempat tumbuh dan berkembangbiaknya mikroorganisme adalah media bio ball dan media koral. Penerapan teknologi pengolahan air limbah dengan sistem anaerobik meiliki keunggulan tersendiri bila dibandingkan dengan pengolahan air limbah secara aerobik. Penggunaan nilai konstanta 0,5 diperoleh nilai tertinggi sebesar 1,90 yang terjadi pada reaktor 3 (R3) pada media bio ball dan 0,99 pada media koral. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa penerapan persamaan Eckenfelder pada sistem anaerobik lebih baik dari sistem aerobik. Biofilter anaerobik memberikan efisiensi yang sama pada beban hidrolik yang rendah yaitu sebesar 0,0015 m3/m2.hari. Rata-rata efisiensi penyisihan beban pencemaran BOD5 dan COD mencapai 96 % pada reaktor 1 (R1).

Abstract

The chicken slaughterhouse industry is engaged in the function of cutting live chickens and processing them into carcasses that are ready for consumption. The chicken slaughterhouse industry generates waste both in the process itself and in washing equipment and facilities, this is characterized by high concentrations of organic matter and suspended solids. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of hydraulic loads on anaerobic biofilter using the Eckenfelder equation based on variations in wastewater concentration. The method used in this study is an experimental method conducted on a laboratory scale. The hydraulic load is used namely 0,0015 m3/m2.day, 0,0022 m3/m2.day, and 0,0035 m3/m2.day. Media that is used as a growth and cultivation of microorganisms is bio ball media and coral media. The application of wastewater treatment technology with the anaerobic system has its advantages when compared to aerobic wastewater treatment. The use of a constant value of 0,5 obtained the highest value of 1,90 which occurred in reactor 3 (R3) on bio-ball media and 0,99 on coral media. This shows that the application of the Eckenfelder equation to anaerobic systems is better than aerobic systems. Anaerobic biofilter provides the same efficiency at low hydraulic loads in the amount of 0,0015 m3/m2.day. The average removal efficiency of BOD5 and COD pollution load reaches 96% in reactor 1 (R1).

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Keywords: Air Limbah RPA, Beban Hidrolik, Biofilter Anaerobik, Persamaan Eckenfelder

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