DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.22.5.1174-1183

Studi Penggunaan Maximum Entropy untuk Pemodelan Kesesuaian Habitat Bekantan (Naslais larvatus wurmb, 1787) di Kawasan Cagar Alam Teluk Adang

1Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

2PT Ecology and Conservation Center for Tropical Studies (ECOSITROP), Indonesia

Received: 22 Feb 2023; Revised: 21 Feb 2024; Accepted: 6 Mar 2024; Available online: 7 Aug 2024; Published: 12 Aug 2024.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract
Bekantan (Nasalis larvatus Wurm, 1787) adalah primata endemik Borneo yang dikategorikan sebagai spesies terancam punah oleh IUCN dan dilindungi oleh peraturan nasional. Populasi bekantan telah mengalami penurunan signifikan di berbagai habitat, termasuk di Cagar Alam Teluk Adang yang berbagi ruang dengan aktivitas manusia. Identifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi habitat yang cocok bagi bekantan dalam sebaran spasial sangat penting untuk menentukan tindakan konservasi yang tepat untuk melindungi populasi bekantan di Cagar Alam Teluk Adang. Penelitian ini bertujuan 1) Menghasilkan peta kesesuaian habitat melalui model hubungan antara keberadaan bekantan dengan variabel lingkungan yang berpengaruh dan 2) Memetakan struktur habitat berdasarkan pada hasil peta kesesuaian habitat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Model MaxEnt untuk membangun prediksi distribusi bekantan berdasarkan data perjumpaan dan sepuluh variabel lingkungan. Hasil kesesuaian habitat kemudian dianalis menggunakan metode Analisis Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) untuk menghasilkan struktur habitat.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian melalui Maxent, faktor-faktor lingkungan yang berpengaruh terhadap kehadiran bekantan adalah hutan mangrove, jarak dari sungai, jarak dari garis pantai dan Leaf Area Index. Hasil klasifikasi juga menunjukan luas potensi habitat bekantan adalah sekitar 7.513 Ha (15.7% dari total luasan). Habitat bekantan telah mengalami fragmentasi dengan 11 inti utama yang dapat secara utuh mengakomodasi home range bekantan.
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Keywords: Bekantan; Cagar alam; Teluk Adang; MSPA; Mangrove

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