DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.22.5.1184-1193

Respon Anatomi Daun Adam Hawa (Rhoeo discolor) dan Pucuk Merah (Syzygium oleana) terhadap Polutan CO di Kecamatan Tembalang dan Banyumanik Kota Semarang

Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 21 Nov 2023; Revised: 26 Feb 2024; Accepted: 13 Mar 2024; Available online: 7 Aug 2024; Published: 12 Aug 2024.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract

Sebagai organisme yang bersifat sessile, tumbuhan dapat merespon perubahan lingkungan, salah satunya adalah pencemaran udara. Pencemaran udara dihasilkan dari kendaraan bermotor berupa gas karbon monoksida (CO), sulfur dioksida (SO2), nitrogen oksida (NOx), dan volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Kontak polutan dengan daun menyebabkan akumulasi polutan pada jaringan mesofil daun. Selanjutnya akan terjadi respon anatomi daun, antara lain adalah peningkatan jumlah sel stomata, penurunan panjang dan lebar celah stomata, penurunan lapisan kutikula serta penurunan tebal mesofil daun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji respon anatomi daun adam hawa (Rhoeo discolor) dan pucuk merah (Syzygium oleana) terhadap polutan CO di Kecamatan Tembalang dan Banyumanik Kota Semarang. Tanaman diletakkan pada lokasi dengan kadar polutan CO yang termasuk dalam kategori baik, sedang, dan tidak sehat. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor yaitu kategori kadar CO dan jenis tanaman. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjutan DMRT pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Parameter yang diamati untuk menunjukkan respon tanamaan terhadap kategori kadar CO yang berbeda adalah kerapatan stomata, lebar celah dan panjang stomata, tebal kutikula, dan tebal mesofil daun. Respon anatomi daun tanaman R. discolor maupun S. oleana terhadap polutan CO dapat ditunjukkan melalui penurunan lebar celah stomata dan penipisan lapisan kutikula daun.

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Keywords: pencemaran udara; daun; stomata; kutikula; mesofil

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