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Komplikasi Multi Organ pada Pasien yang Menjalani Operasi Double Valve Replacement

Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Padjadjaran/RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung, Indonesia

Received: 12 Jul 2020; Published: 1 Jul 2021.
Open Access Copyright 2021 JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia)

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Penggantian lebih dari satu katup jantung digolongkan sebagai operasi risiko tinggi dengan risiko komplikasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan operasi penggantian satu katup jantung.

Kasus: Seorang wanita usia 35 tahun dengan stenosis katup aorta berat, regurgitasi katup aorta moderat dan stenosis katup mitral berat disertai atrial fibrilasi menjalani operasi double-valve replacement. Komplikasi yang ditemukan di intensive care unit (ICU) berupa perdarahan yang signifikan, fibrilasi atrial, cedera ginjal akut dan perdarahan intrakranial.

Pembahasan: Komplikasi yang mungkin ditemukan setelah penggantian dua katup jantung meliputi koagulopati, cedera ginjal akut, aritmia dan gangguan serebrovaskular. Koagulopati dapat menyebabkan perdarahan yang signifikan dan instabilitas hemodinamik sehingga harus diberikan tatalaksana yang tepat. Aritmia dapat disebabkan oleh imbalans elektrolit. Cedera ginjal akut sering ditemukan pascaoperasi jantung terbuka dan sebaiknya dilakukan hemodialisis sesegera mungkin.  Tatalaksana gangguan serebrovaskular dapat bersifat konservatif atau operasi. Keputusan tatalaksana gangguan serebrovaskular harus disesuaikan menurut kondisi klinis pasien.

Kesimpulan: Deteksi dini dan tatalaksana yang cepat dan tepat sangatlah penting untuk menghindari morbiditas dan mortalitas pascaoperasi yang signifikan.

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Keywords: double-valve replacement; komplikasi multiorgan; komplikasi pascaoperasi; operasi jantung terbuka; tatalaksana pascaoperasi

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