Pengaruh Profilaksis Trombosis Vena Dalam dengan Heparin Subkutan dan Intravena terhadap aPTT dan Jumlah Trombosit pada Pasien Kritis di ICU RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang

*Satrio Adi Wicaksono -  Bagian Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro/ RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, Indonesia
Jati Listiyanto Pujo -  Bagian Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro/ RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, Indonesia
Ery Leksana -  Bagian Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro/ RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, Indonesia
Published: 1 Nov 2012.
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Section: Penelitian
Language: ID
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In Vol 4, No 3 (2012): Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia
Statistics: 1006 45
Abstract

Latar belakang: Heparin telah digunakan sebagai terapi maupun sebagai profilaksis primer TVD, walaupun keamanan heparin khususnya pada pasien kritis yang memiliki risiko tinggi perdarahan masih merupakan subyek perdebatan. Belum ada studi prospektif komparatif yang tegas menunjukkan efektivitas dan keamanan pemberian heparin subkutan sebagai profilaksis TVD pada pasien kritis di ICU.

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh pemberian heparin subkutan dibandingkan intravena sebagai profilaksis TVD terhadap nilai aPTT dan jumlah trombosit pada pasien kritis di ICU.

Metode: Uji klinik dilakukan pada 30 pasien selama 3 hari dengan pemberian heparin subkutan 5000 IU b.i.d sebagai kelompok SK (n=15) dan heparin 500 IU/jam intravena sebagai kelompok IV (n=15) kemudian dibandingkan beberapa parameter koagulasi (D- dimer, aPTT dan trombosit) pada pasien kritis di ICU.

Hasil: Setelah 3 hari diberikan profilaksis TVD didapatkan hasil yang bermakna penurunan kadar D-dimer pada kedua kelompok, kelompok SK 959.73(1127.539) (p=0.05) dan kelompok IV 1621.33(1041.654) (p=0.00). Tetapi didapatkan hasil yang tidak bermakna pada perubahan nilai aPTT, kelompok SK 0.032(0.5284) (p=0.815) dan kelompok IV 0.068(0.5718) (p=0.652). Perubahan jumlah trombosit didapatkan hasil tidak bermakna pada kelompok SK 413.3(51489.76) (p=0.815) sedangkan pada kelompok IV didapatkan perubahan yang bermakna dalam penurunan jumlah trombosit 30186.6(53488.86) (p=0.046).

Simpulan: Pemberian heparin subkutan 5000 IU b.i.d dan heparin 500 IU/jam intravena sebagai profilaksis TVD secara bermakna dapat menurunkan kadar D-dimer. Tetapi didapatkan hasil yang tidak bermakna pada perubahan nilai aPTT dan perubahan yang bermakna pada kelompok heparin IV dalam penurunan jumlah trombosit

Keywords
heparin; TVD; aPTT; jumlah trombosit

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