DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jai.v5i1.6552

Perbedaan Tekanan Darah, Laju Jantung dan Rate Pressure Product (RPP) Pada Pemberian Lidokain 1,5 Mg/Kgbb Intravena Sebelum Intubasi Dibandingkan Pemasangan Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA)

1Bagian Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro/ RSUP Dr. Kariadi, , Indonesia

2Semarang, Indonesia

Published: 1 Mar 2013.
Open Access Copyright 2013 JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia)

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Abstract
Latar belakang: Intubasi endotrakeal merupakan tindakan pengelolaan jalan nafas yang sering dilakukan di bidang anestesiologi. Akan tetapi tindakan ini dapat menyebabkan gejolak kardiovaskuler berupa perubahan tekanan darah, laju jantung  dan disritmia. Terdapat berbagai teknik dan pengunaan obat untuk mengurangi kondisi tersebut, diantaranya memberikan lidokain intravena sebelum intubasi.
Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan tekanan darah, laju jantung dan RPP pada pemberian lidokain intravena sebelum laringoskopi intubasi dibandingkan dengan pemasangan LMAMetode: 36 pasien ASA I-II yang menjalani operasi elektif dalam anestesi umum dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok 1 diberi lidokain 1,5 mg/kgBB dan dilakukan laringoskopi intubasi. Kelompok 2 dilakukan pemasangan LMA. Dilakukan pencatatan tekanan darah sistolik (TDS), diastolik (TDD), tekanan arteri rerata (TAR), laju jantung (LJ) dan Rate Pressure Product (RPP) sebelum induksi anestesi, sebelum perlakuan (intubasi atau pemasangan LMA) dan setelah perlakuan pada menit ke-1, ke-2, ke-5 dan ke-10.
Hasil: Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok meliputi usia, BMI, jenis kelamin maupun tekanan darah sebelum induksi. Peningkatan tekanan darah dan laju jantung pada kelompok 1 lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok 2, dengan nilai tertinggi di menit ke-1meliputi TDS (140,47±27,17), TDD (88,89 ± 16,72), TAR (108,84 ± 18,84), LJ (90,37 ± 11,96) dan RPP (12806,89 ± 3410,49). Perbedaan ini bermakna dibandingkan kelompok 1 pada menit ke-1 dan ke-2 setelah perlakuan.
Simpulan: Terdapat peningkatan bermakna tekanan darah, laju jantung dan RPP pada tindakan laringoskopi intubasi yang diberi lidokain 1,5 mg/kgBB intravenadibandingkan pemasangan LMA.
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Keywords: lidokain; intubasi; tekanan darah; laju jantung; RPP; LMA

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