DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.19.2.103-110

Jarak Sumber Air Baku Air Minum dari Pusat Erupsi dan Risiko Kesehatan Masyarakat di Wilayah Pasca Erupsi Sinabung

1Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

2Poltekkes Kemenkes RI Medan Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan, Medan, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2020 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar belakang: Gunung sinabung sudah mengalami erupsi selama 9 tahun sejak  bulan Agustus tahun 2010, hal ini menyebabkan perubahan ekosistem karena  telah merubah struktur tanah dan mempengaruhi kualitas air di wilayah erupsi. Kondisi ini menimbulkan faktor risiko kesehatan pada masyarakat yang mengkonsumsi sumber air baku air minum yang tercemar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis kualitas air minum masyarakat dan mengukur risiko kesehatan lingkungan yang timbul sebagai dampak dari erupsi berdasarkan jarak sumber air baku .

Metode: Penelitian survei dengan design cross sectional berlokasi di hunian tetap desa Nang belawan kecamatan Simpang Empat kabupaten Karo propinsi Sumatera utara.   Sampel meliputi air baku air minum yang diambil di empat lokasi. Air baku dianalisis dengan alat photometer water test kit AYI-IO, dan kemudian  hasilnya dipetakan dengan analisis spasial berdasarkan jarak dari sumber erupsi ke sumber air baku. Sejumlah 56 kepala keluarga  diambil secara purposive sampling di wilayah penelitian berdasarkan cemaran Pb tertinggi, selanjutnya dianalisa dengan  metode Analisa Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan.

Hasil: Seluruh sampel air tercemar Pb dengan rentang 0.17 -0.9 mg/L. Masyarakat dengan masa tinggal 4 tahun dan rerata berat badan 55 Kg dan mengkonsumsi 2 L/hari memiliki risiko kesehatan.

Simpulan: Masyarakat yang bermukim di lokasi hunian tetap Nang Belawan 1 memiliki konsentrasi Pb maksimum 0,9 mg/L dan memiliki risiko kesehatan akibat  mengkonsumsi air minum yang tercemar Pb.  Pengelolaan air baku dengan metode penyaringan khusus dalam upaya menurunkan konsentrasi Pb perlu dilakukan agar dapat menurunkan risiko kesehatan.

 

ABSTRACT

Title: The Raw Water Source Distance  From The Center Of Eruption And  Public Health Risks in The Area of Sinabung Post-Eruption

Background: Mount Sinabung has been erupted  for 9 years since August 2010, it caused  ecosystem changing because it changed the soil structure and will affecting water quality in the eruption area. This condition raises environmental health risks for people who consume drinking water sources contaminated with volcanic dust pollutants. This study aims to analyze the quality of Pb in community drinking water and environmental health risks that arise as a result of eruptions and knowing  the status of raw water quality based on the distance from the eruption center.

Method: This is survey study with cross-sesctional design was located in Nang Belawan village Simpang Empat sub-District Karo District in North Sumatera Province with four locations for drinking water source samples. The raw water is analyzed by the AYI-IO water test kit, and then the results are mapped with spatial analysis based on the distance from the point of Mount Sinabung. 56 samples were taken by purposive sampling in the area with the highest Pb contamination, then analyzed by enviromental health risks assesment

Result:  All samples of Pb polluted water ranged from 0.17 to 0.9 mg / L. People with a 4-year stay and average body weight of 55 kg and consuming 2 L / day had risks.  Raw water with a distance of 9.66 - 11.43  Km from Sinabung is not safe for consumption.

Conclusion: This indicates that people living in the Nang Belawan 1 Huntap location with maximum Pb concentration of 0.9 mg / L had a health risk due to contaminated raw water. Need to manage raw water as a source of drinking water with a special screening method, in an effort to reduce the concentration of Pb. The distance of the well 11.43 Km from the eruption center is not safe for consumption

 

 

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  CTA
Copyright Transfer Agreement
Subject
Type CTA
  Download (24KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: Pb; air minum; pasca erupsi; risiko kesehatan
Funding: Ir. Retno Agung BMKG Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Articles
Language : ID
Recent articles
Keberadaan Perokok dalam Rumah sebagai Faktor Risiko Kejadian Pneumonia pada Anak: Suatu Kajian Sistematik Kontaminasi Telur Dan Larva Cacing Usus Pada Tanah Di Desa Juku Eja Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Praktik Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Sampah di Desa Ketenger, Kecamatan Baturaden, Kabupaten Banyumas Halaman Belakang Halaman Sampul More recent articles
Most cited articles
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Keracunan Merkuri Pada Penambang Emas Tradisional di Desa Jendi Kecamatan Selogiri Kabupaten Wonogiri Faktor Lingkungan dan Perilaku Masyarakat yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Filariasis di Kabupaten Sambas Hubungan Kadar Debu Terhirup (Respirable) Dengan Kapasitas Vital Paksa Paru Pada Pekerja Mebel Kayu di Kota Jayapura Hubungan Antara Kadar Fenol Dalam Urin Dengan Kadar Hb, Eritrosit, Trombosit Dan Leukosit (Studi Pada Tenaga Kerja Di Industri Karoseri CV Laksana Semarang) Faktor Risiko Kebiasaan Tinggal di Rumah Etnis dan Membuang Dahak Sembarang pada Kejadian TB Paru Di Kabupaten Jayawijaya, Papua More cited articles
  1. Togatorop P M, Subiyanto S, Wijaya, AP. Pemetaan potensi bencana aliran lava gunung sinabung menggunakan Citra Aster GDEM; Jurnal Geodesi Undip 2016, 5(2):87-96
  2. Simatupang L. dan Devi, The preparation and characterization of Sinabung volcanic ash as silica based adsorbent. Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia 2016, (8(3):159-163. Doi: 10.24114/jpkim.v8i3.4478
  3. Zhaoyong Z. Abuduwaili J. Fengqing. Heavy metal contamination, sources, and pollution assessment of surface water in the Tianshan Mountains of China. Enviromental and Assesment Journal 2015, (187) : 33-39. doi: 10.1007/s10661-014-4191-x
  4. Charles M. Balagizi, Marcellin M. Kasereka , Emilio Cuoco, and Marcello Liotta. Environmental and health impacts of Nyiragongo and Nyamulagira Volcanoes, East Africa. Geophysical Research Proceeding 2019, Vol. 21, EGU2019-5695
  5. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian (Balitbangtan). Hasil Kajian dan Identifikasi Dampak Erupsi Gunung Sinabung Pada Sektor Pertanian. Jakarta; 2015
  6. Stewart C a,⁎, Johnston D. M , Leonard G. S, Horwell C. Thordarson , Cronin s.J. Contamination of water supplies by volcanic ashfall: A literature review and simple impact modelling, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 2006 ( 158 ): 296–306. doi: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.07.002
  7. Beatrix I L. Sinaga J. Sembiring M. Lubis. The Impact of Volcanic Ash Thickness from Sinabung Mount Eruption about the Biological Characteristic of the Soil in the Naman Teran Sub District, Karo District. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi 2015, 3(3): 1159–1163
  8. Sukarman dan Suparto, Sebaran dan Karateristik Material Vulkanik Hasil Erupsi Gunung Sinabung di Sumatera Utara, Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim 2015, 39 (1): 9-18
  9. Barasa RF. Rauf A. Sembiring M. Dampak Debu Vulkanik Letusan Gunung Sinabung terhadap Kadar Cu, Pb, dan B tanah di kabupaten karo 2013. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi 1(4)013 (1) :1288-1298
  10. Wahyuni E T. Triyono S. dan Suherma. Penentuan Komposisi Kimia Abu Vulkanik Dari Erupsi Gunung Merapi. Jurnal Manusia Dan Lingkungan 2015, 19 (2) 150-159
  11. Peraturan Kemenkes RI. No 416 tentang Syarat-syarat dan Kualitas air, Jakarta 1990
  12. EnHealth. Enviromental Health Risks Assesment, Guidelines for Assesing Human Health Risks From Enviromental Hazards. Department of Health and Ageing and enHealth. Australia Council ;2002
  13. Profil Kesehatan Puskesmas Kecamatan Simpang Empat. Kabanjahe ; 2017
  14. Onyinyechi G. Onyele and Emeka D. Anyanwu. Human health risk assessment of some heavy metals in a rural spring, southeastern Nigeria. African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research 2018, 1 (1):15-23
  15. Cuoco E. Tedesco D. Robert J. Poreda. Jeremy C.Williams. Francesco C, Balagizi C. Thomas H. Darrah. Impact of volcanic plume emissions on rain water chemistry during the January 2010 Nyamuragira eruptive event: Implications for essential potable water resources. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2010, ( 244) : 570-581
  16. World Health Organization and International Programme on Chemical Safety International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS). Environmental Health Criteria XXX: Principles for modelling dose-response for the risk assessment of chemicals (Draft). Geneva; 2004
  17. Sayful H. Metode Interpolasi Spasial dalam Studi Geografi. Jurnal Geomedia. 2013,.11(2): 235-236
  18. Indarto, F. Konsep Dasar Analisis Spasial. Yogyakarta C.V Andi Offset, 2012: 6-9
  19. US EPA. Integreted risk information system (IRIS).US EPA,office of Research and Development, National Center for Enviromental Assessment, 2006
  20. Birawida AB. Model Dinamis Dan Analisa Risiko Sebaran Logam Berat Timbal Terhadap Kesehatan Masyarakat Pesisir Makassar. Disertasi Perpustakaan FK UNHAS Makasar.2014
  21. Indirawati SM. Enviromental Health Risks on Community in Coastal Area As a Results The Presence of Pb in Sea Water and Drinking Water. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2017, (300): 1-8
  22. Esquinas. Garcia. Lead, Mercury and Cadmium in Umbilical cord blood and its association with parental epidemiological variables and birth factor. BMC Public Health Journal 2013, (13) :84-90. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-841
  23. Hafiza N. AR. Drinking water studies: A review on heavy metal, application of biomarker and health risk assessment (a special focus in Malaysia). Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2015, 1(1): 297– 310. Doi: 10.1016/j.jegh.2015.04.003
  24. Bamuwamye M, Ogwok P, Tumuhairwe V, Eragu R, Nakisozi H & Patrick E. Ogwang. Human Health Risk Assessmentof Heavy Metalsin Kampala (Uganda) Drinking Water. Journal of Food Research 2017, 6 (4):6-16. doi: 10.5539/jfr.v6n4p6
  25. Emilio Cuoco, Dario Tedesco, Robert J. Poreda , Jeremy C. Williams, Stefano De Francesco, ,Charles Balagizi, Thomas H. Darrah, Impact of volcanic plume emissions on rain water chemistry during the January 2010 Nyamuragira eruptive event: Implications for essential potable water resources . Journal of Hazardous Materials 2013, (244-245): 570-581
  26. Shin Jang C. 2011. Regional assessment of groundwater quality for drinking purpose, Environ Monit Assess 2011, (184) p:3063–3075
  27. p:3063–3075

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2025-06-30 22:15:27

No citation recorded.