DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jpki.18.2.116-125

The Effect of Social Support on Stress Levels of Health Workers During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review

*Riris Diana Rachmayanti orcid scopus  -  Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Kamila Fihir Bawazier  -  Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Takako Yasutome  -  Department of Social Welfare, Faculty of Social Welfare, Gunma University of Health and Welfare, Japan
Rachmah Indawati  -  Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Aninditya Ardhana Riswari  -  Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Ismayani Ismayani  -  Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Andrei Ramani  -  Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Jember, Indonesia
Anysiah Elly Yulianti  -  Poltekkes Denpasar, Indonesia
Jayanti Dian Eka Sari  -  Public Health Study Program, Department of Health and Life Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 Authors under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused various changes in the social dynamics of life. Almost all age groups in various countries are forced to adopt new habits that have the potential to interfere with mental health. Providing social support can be useful for reducing the stress level of health workers. Proper social support can overcome stress problems. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of social support on the stress level of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: This is a literature review using population, intervention, comparison, results, research design, and keywords used according to the research topic. Keyword use Mesh term strategy with the term "social support" stress" "worker" "pandemic" and "COVID". Database sources are ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, and SAGE. Searching strategy uses Prisma guidelines. The total article was 2,226 and the eligible article was 24 articles. The collected data were analyzed through a thematic review. The data analysis technique in this study was descriptive analysis.

Results: The results of the study show that most health workers experience moderate levels of stress during the pandemic. The most influential sources of social support come from colleagues and partners. The form of social support that is often received and influences stress levels is emotional support. There is an effective effect of social support on the stress level of health workers during the pandemic. Therefore, it can be concluded that adaptation during COVID-19 has caused various changes in conditions and pressure for health workers

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: social support;stress;health workers;COVID-19 pandemic

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Article
Language : EN
Recent articles
Improvement of Patients’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Tuberculosis Treatment Using Video and Leaflet Correlation of Hemoglobin Levels with Nutritional Status in Adolescent Girls: A Health Promotion Perspective Sleep Quality and Screen Time as The Most Influential Factor of Computer Vision Syndrome More recent articles
Most cited articles
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pemanfaatan Jamban Keluarga di Kecamatan Jatibarang Kabupaten Brebes Socio-Cultural And Socio-Sexual Factors Influence The Premarital Sexual Behaviour of Javanese Youth In The Era of HIV/AIDS Perilaku Tes HIV pada Laki-Laki yang Berhubungan Seks dengan Laki-Laki (LSL) di Provinsi Bali Hubungan Peran Suami Dan Orangtua Dengan Perilaku Ibu Hamil Dalam Pelayanan Antenatal Dan Persalinan Di Wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Sedan Kabupaten Rembang Pengetahuan Pendidik Sebaya Mempengaruhi Pemberian Informasi KRR di Kabupaten Kulon Progo More cited articles
  1. Soluk-Tekkesin M, Wright JM. The World Health Organization classification of odontogenic lesions: A summary of the changes of the 2022 (5th) edition. Turk Patoloji Derg. 2022;38(2):168–84
  2. Torales J, O’Higgins M, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Ventriglio A. The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2020;66(4):317–20
  3. Heriziana, Rosalina S. Analisis Persepsi Stres Kerja Tenaga Kesehatan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. PREPOTIF. 2022;6(1):775-9
  4. Ridlo IA. Pandemi COVID-19 dan Tantangan Kebijakan Kesehatan Mental di Indonesia. INSAN Jurnal Psikologi Dan Kesehatan Mental. 2020;5(2):162–171
  5. Hanny FBW. Peranan International Labour Organization (ILO) Melalui Proyek Propel (Promoting Rights And Opportunities For People With Disabilities In Employment Through Legislation)-Indonesia Dalam Mempromosikan Hak Kesempatan Kerja Bagi Para Penyandang Disabilitas di Indonesia. Global Political Studies Jurnal. 2017;1(2):140-51
  6. Ortiz-Calvo E, Martínez-Alés G, Mediavilla R, González-Gómez E, Fernández-Jiménez E, Bravo-Ortiz M-F, et al. The role of social support and resilience in the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers in Spain. J Psychiatr Res. 2022;148:181–7
  7. Kumar A, Luthra S, Mangla SK, Kazançoğlu Y. COVID-19 impact on sustainable production and operations management. Sustain Oper Comput. 2020;1:1–7
  8. Febriani WM. Gambaran Perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Airlangga. J Promkes. 2019;7(2):193
  9. Giorgi G, Lecca LI, Alessio F, Finstad GL, Bondanini G, Lulli LG, et al. COVID-19-related mental health effects in the workplace: a narrative review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(21):7857
  10. Xiong J, Lipsitz O, Nasri F, Lui LMW, Gill H, Phan L, Chen-Li D, Iacobucci M, Ho R, Majeed A, McIntyre RS. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2020 Dec 1;277:55-64
  11. Rafi'ah, Maliga I, Harmili, Lestari A. Analisis Beban Kerja Dengan Stres Kerja Dan Kinerja Tenaga Medis Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Journals of Ners Community. 2011;13(1):34-43
  12. Tharwat M, El-Deeb W. Biomarkers of Stress in Healthy and Diseased Dromedary Camels: A Mini Review. Indian Journals. 2021;28(3):297-302
  13. Bajos N, Spire A, Silberzan L, for the EPICOV study group (2022) The social specificities of hostility toward vaccination against Covid-19 in France. PLoS ONE 17(1): e0262192
  14. Tanjung DA, Huriani E, Rahman D. Optimisme dan Distres Psikologis pada Perawat Selama Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Smart Keperawatan. 2021;8(1):14-25
  15. Sherin JE, Nemeroff CB. Post-traumatic stress disorder: the neurobiological impact of psychological trauma. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2011;13(3):263-78
  16. Gunawati R, Hartati S, Listiara A. Hubungan antara efektivitas komunikasi mahasiswa-dosen pembimbing utama skripsi dengan stres dalam menyusun skripsi pada mahasiswa Program Studi Psikologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro. J Psikol. 2006;3(2):93–115
  17. Demilew D, Angaw DA, Getnet B, Tesfaye B, Atnafu A, Andualem Z, et al. Psychological distress and associated factors among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2022;12(7):e057197
  18. Aristawati AR, Meiyuntariningsih T, Cahya FD, Putri A. Emotional Intelligence Dan Stres Pada Mahasiswa Yang Mengalami Quarter-Life Crisis. Psikol Konseling. 2021;19(2):1035–46
  19. Salam RA, Das JK, Lassi ZS, Bhutta Z. Adolescent Health and Well-Being: Background and Methodology for Review of Potential Interventions. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2016;59(4):S4-S10
  20. Trip S, Bora CH, Marian M, Halmajan A, Drugas MI. Psychological mechanisms involved in radicalization and extremism. A rational emotive behavioral conceptualization. Front Psychol. 2019;10:437
  21. Shintyar AR, Widanarko B. Analisis Hubungan Antara Karakteristik Pekerja Dengan Stres Kerja Pada Pekerja Pt Lti Yang Bekerja Dari Rumah Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Tahun 2021. PREPOTIF J Kesehat Mesyarakat. 2021;5(2):664–72
  22. Samputri SK, Sakti H. Dukungan Sosial dan Subjective Wellbeing pada Tenaga Kerja Wanita PT ARNI Family Ungaran. Jurnal Empati. 2015;4(4):208-16
  23. Maijefri O, Rizal A, Lanasari L. Dukungan Sosial Memengaruhi Tingkat Stres Perawat Selama Pandemi Covid-19. J Nurs Educ Pract. 2022;1(4):117–24
  24. Heba A-C, Toupance S, Arnone D, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Benetos A, Ndiaye NC. Telomeres: New players in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases? J Autoimmun. 2021;123:102699
  25. Billings J, Ching BCF, Gkofa V, Greene T, Bloomfield M. Experiences of frontline healthcare workers and their views about support during COVID-19 and previous pandemics: a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis. BMC Health Serv Res. 2021;21:1–17
  26. Hanley J, Al Mhamied A, Cleveland J, Hajjar O, Hassan G, Ives N, et al. The social networks, social support and social capital of Syrian refugees privately sponsored to settle in Montreal: Indications for employment and housing during their early experiences of integration. Can Ethn Stud. 2018;50(2):123–48
  27. Hoda FS, Mahoklory SS, Pello YK, Riti IF. Association Between Family Support and Nurse Motivation in Managing Patients with COVID-19. IJNP (Indonesian J Nurs Pract. 2021;5(2):123–31
  28. Janssen R, Engel N, Esmail A, Oelofse S, Krumeich A, Dheda K, et al. Alone but supported: A qualitative study of an HIV self-testing app in an observational cohort study in South Africa. AIDS Behav. 2020;24:467–74
  29. Haroun MW, Dieiev V, Kang J, Barbi M, Nia SFM, Gabr M, et al. Rhabdomyolysis in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective observational study. Cureus. 2021;13(1)
  30. Giovanis E, Ozdamar O. Implications of COVID-19: The Effect of Working From Home on Financial and Mental Well-Being in the UK. Int J Health Policy Manag. 2022;11(9):1635–1641
  31. Santoso NI, Sugiarti T, Arisandi A. Strategi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Pemanfaatan Limbah Minyak Jelantah Di Kelurahan Sambikerep Kecamatan Sambikerep Kota Surabaya. Amalee Indonesian Journal of Community Research and Engagement. 2022;3(2):377-91
  32. Steinberg L, Morris A. Adolescent Development. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 2(1):55-8733. Ratten V. Coronavirus (covid-19) and entrepreneurship: changing life and work landscape. J Small Bus Entrep. 2020;32(5):503–16
  33. Surabhi S, Jachmann LH, Shumba P, Burchhardt G, Hammerschmidt S, Siemens N. Hydrogen peroxide is crucial for NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β production and cell death in pneumococcal infections of bronchial epithelial cells. J Innate Immun. 2022;14(3):192–206
  34. Dewi LPSK. Evaluasi Penerapan Insentif Tenaga Kesehatan COVID-19 (Studi pada UPTD Puskesmas Blahbatuh I). Account Bus Inf Syst J. 2021;10(1):1-19
  35. Poh LW, Teo I, Tewani K, Tan HK, Yoon S, Sung SC. Understanding the needs of health care workers in Singapore during the COVID-19 outbreak: A qualitative analysis. Am J Infect Control. 2022;50(10):1133–9
  36. Syakina D. Penerimaan dukungan sosial sebagai prediktor resiliensi pada tenaga kesehatan di masa pandemi COVID-19. Proyeksi J Psikol. 2021;16(2):119–32
  37. Kılınç T, Sis Çelik A. Relationship between the social support and psychological resilience levels perceived by nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A study from Turkey. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2021;57(3):1000–8
  38. Latuperissa GR, Utomo B, Makhfudli M. Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial terhadap Adaptasi Pelayanan Kesehatan pada Tenaga Kesehatan Selama Pandemi Covid-19. J Penelit Kesehatan" SUARA FORIKES"(Journal Heal Res Forikes Voice"). 2022;13(1):9–13
  39. Eilts SK, Pfeil JM, Poschkamp B, Krohne TU, Eter N, Barth T, et al. Assessment of Retinopathy of Prematurity Regression and Reactivation Using an Artificial Intelligence–Based Vascular Severity Score. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(1):e2251512–e2251512

Last update:

  1. Health Emergency Challenges and Support Strategies: A Qualitative Study on Healthcare Workers

    Manisha Yadav, Vimal Rai Sharma. Journal of Health Management, 2025. doi: 10.1177/09720634241305063

Last update: 2025-12-12 20:27:38

No citation recorded.