Maternal Factors Influencing Low Birth Weight in Newborns: A Retrospective Study

Ida Nurmawati; Puspito Arum; Niyalatul Muna; R Alamsyah Sutantio; Ikha Nurjihan; Zaifatul Anelia; Tasya Nadia Hanin

doi:10.14710/jpki.20.3.%p

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jpki.20.3.%25p

Maternal Factors Influencing Low Birth Weight in Newborns: A Retrospective Study

*Ida Nurmawati - Politeknik Negeri Jember, Indonesia

Puspito Arum - Politeknik Negeri Jember, Indonesia

Niyalatul Muna - Politeknik Negeri Jember, Indonesia

R Alamsyah Sutantio - Politeknik Negeri Jember, Indonesia

Ikha Nurjihan - Politeknik Negeri Jember, Indonesia

Zaifatul Anelia - Politeknik Negeri Jember, Indonesia

Tasya Nadia Hanin - Politeknik Negeri Jember, Indonesia

under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{JPKI66439,
    author = {Ida Nurmawati and Puspito Arum and Niyalatul Muna and R Alamsyah Sutantio and Ikha Nurjihan and Zaifatul Anelia and Tasya Nadia Hanin},
    title = {Maternal Factors Influencing Low Birth Weight in Newborns: A Retrospective Study},
    journal = {Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia},
  volume = {20},
    number = {3},
    year = {2025},
    keywords = {low birth weight;maternal age;mid-upper arm circumference;haemoglobin level;height},
    abstract = {   Background:    Birth weight is a critical indicator of an infant's health. Research conducted in Indonesia has identified low birth weight (LBW) as a leading cause of neonatal mortality, accounting for approximately 35% of all cases. This study aims to determine the factors influencing the incidence of LBW.     Method:    The study used a retrospective design and included 83 respondents selected through quota sampling. Data were collected from the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) handbooks at Manggis Integrated Service Post (posyandu). Univariate analysis was performed to calculate frequency and percentage values. Bivariate analysis was carried out using the chi-squared test to examine relationships between variables. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the logistic regression test to assess the influence of multiple variables.     Result:    Maternal age at pregnancy (p=0.037) and maternal mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) (p=0.034) were significantly associated with the occurrence of LBW in newborns. The odds ratio (OR) analysis revealed MUAC as the primary factor influencing LBW (OR=4.278), followed by maternal age during pregnancy (OR = 3.750). In comparison, haemoglobin levels (p = 0.500), maternal height (p = 0.408), and gestational age (p=0.118) were not significantly associated with the occurrence of LBW. MUAC was found to influence the occurrence of LBW in Kemuning Lor Village (p = 0.027). The MUAC variable accounted for 16.9% of the variance in LBW cases (R2 = 0.169). Improving the nutritional status of adolescent girls is imperative to ensure optimal health outcomes in future pregnancies.       },
   issn = {2620-4053},   pages = {209--215}  doi = {10.14710/jpki.20.3.%p},
    url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jpki/article/view/66439}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

Background: Birth weight is a critical indicator of an infant's health. Research conducted in Indonesia has identified low birth weight (LBW) as a leading cause of neonatal mortality, accounting for approximately 35% of all cases. This study aims to determine the factors influencing the incidence of LBW.

Method: The study used a retrospective design and included 83 respondents selected through quota sampling. Data were collected from the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) handbooks at Manggis Integrated Service Post (posyandu). Univariate analysis was performed to calculate frequency and percentage values. Bivariate analysis was carried out using the chi-squared test to examine relationships between variables. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the logistic regression test to assess the influence of multiple variables.

Result: Maternal age at pregnancy (p=0.037) and maternal mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) (p=0.034) were significantly associated with the occurrence of LBW in newborns. The odds ratio (OR) analysis revealed MUAC as the primary factor influencing LBW (OR=4.278), followed by maternal age during pregnancy (OR = 3.750). In comparison, haemoglobin levels (p = 0.500), maternal height (p = 0.408), and gestational age (p=0.118) were not significantly associated with the occurrence of LBW. MUAC was found to influence the occurrence of LBW in Kemuning Lor Village (p = 0.027). The MUAC variable accounted for 16.9% of the variance in LBW cases (R2 = 0.169). Improving the nutritional status of adolescent girls is imperative to ensure optimal health outcomes in future pregnancies.

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Keywords: low birth weight;maternal age;mid-upper arm circumference;haemoglobin level;height

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Section: Research Article

Language : EN

In Vol 20 No 3: July 2025

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