Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
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@article{JKSA15113, author = {Ismiyarto Ismiyarto and Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana and Rani Mustika}, title = {Isolasi, Identifikasi Minyak Atsiri Fuli Pala (Myristica fragrans) dan Uji Aktivitas Sebagai Larvasida}, journal = {Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi}, volume = {12}, number = {1}, year = {2009}, keywords = {Fuli pala; Pala; miristisin; minyak atsiri fuli pala; larvasida; kamfen}, abstract = {Tanaman pala ( Myristica fragrans ) adalah tanaman asli Indonesia dan Indonesia merupakan negara pengekspor biji dan fuli pala terbesar di dunia. Biji pala menghasilkan minyak atsiri 2-15% sedangkan fuli menghasilkan 7-18% minyak atsiri. Dalam minyak atsiri fuli pala mengandung senyawa miristisin yang bersifat toksik dan senyawa kamfen yang merupakan zat pembius dan penolak serangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi, mengidentifikasi minyak atsiri dari fuli pala serta mengetahui toksisitas efektif sebagai larvasida. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga tahap. Tahap pertama yaitu isolasi minyak atsiri dari fuli pala dengan metode destilasi uap. Tahap kedua adalah identifikasi yang meliputi uji sifat fisik (warna, bau, rendemen, berat jenis dan indeks bias) dan identifikasi komponen kimia minyak atsiri hasil isolasi dengan metode GC-MS. Tahap ketiga adalah uji toksisitas minyak atsiri sebagai larvasida terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III dimana hasilnya akan dibandingkan dengan ekstrak metanol fuli pala. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh minyak atsiri berwarna kuning jernih yang berbau khas pala dengan rendemen sebesar 3,22%, berat jenis sebesar 0,9397 g/mL pada 25°C dan indeks bias sebesar 1,493 (25°C). Identifikasi komponen kimiawi dengan metode GC-MS menunjukkan minyak atsiri fuli pala hasil isolasi mengandung komponen a-pinen (13,08%), b-pinen (15,14%), sabinene (22,93%), limonene (5,60%) dan miristisin (26,46%). Berdasarkan uji toksisitas minyak atsiri fuli pala sebagai larvasida terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III akhir menunjukkkan nilai LC 50 -6 jam sebesar 224,399 ppm, LC 50 -12 jam sebesar 150,724 ppm danLC 50 -24 jam sebesar 111,002 ppm. Sedangkan pada ekstrak metanol menunjukkan nilai LC 50 -24 jam sebesar 304,434 ppmdan LC 50 -48 jam sebesar 284,200 ppm. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa minyak atsiri fuli pala lebih berpotensi sebagai larvasida dibandingkan dengan ekstrak metanol fuli pala.}, issn = {2597-9914}, pages = {23--30} doi = {10.14710/jksa.12.1.23-30}, url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ksa/article/view/15113} }
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