Phytochemical Test, Determination of Total Phenol, Total Flavonoids and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam)

*Enny Fachriyah scopus  -  Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Dewi Kusrini scopus  -  Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Ifan Bagus Haryanto  -  Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Synta Mutiara Bunga Wulandari  -  Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Widyaningrum Islami Lestari  -  Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Sumariyah Sumariyah scopus  -  Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Received: 16 Feb 2020; Revised: 4 Aug 2020; Accepted: 5 Aug 2020; Published: 31 Aug 2020; Available online: 15 Aug 2020.
Open Access Copyright 2020 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi
License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Citation Format:
Cover Image
Abstract
Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) is a medicinal plant that is a source of nutrients. It is rich in protein, fatty acids, minerals, relatively high polyphenol compounds, and has antioxidant activity. This study aims to obtain information about secondary metabolites, total phenol content, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves. Total phenol was determined by the Folin–Ciocâlteu method, while total flavonoids were determined by the AlCl3 colorimetric method. Whilst the antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method at a wavelength of 517 nm. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves contained flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and steroids. The total phenol content in the ethanol leaf extract was 63.16 mg GAE/g extract, and the total flavonoid content was 10.477 mg QE/g extract. Moringa leaf ethanol extract has antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 118.6145 mg/L, classified as having moderate antioxidant activity.
Keywords: total phenol; total flavonoids; antioxidants; Moringa oleifera
Funding: Diponegoro University

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Articles
Language: EN
In Vol 23, No 8 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 8 Year 2020
Statistics: 416 311
Related articles
Pirolisis Kulit Biji Jambu Mete (Cashew Nut Shell) dengan Katalis Ag/Zeolit Penentuan Kandungan Logam Magnetik Komponen Penyusun Abu Layang Batubara Pemanfaatan Kitosan Termodifikasi Asam Askorbat sebagai Bahan Antimikroba pada Daging Ayam Karkas Broiler Elektrodekolorisasi Limbah Cair Zat Warna Batik di Kota Solo dengan Elektroda PbO2/Cu Studi Pengaruh Penggunaan Asam Laktat dari Sauerkraut sebagai Bahan Pengawet terhadap Kandungan Protein dan Lemak Total Udang Werus (Metapenaeus monoceros) selama Penyimpanan Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Selected Indonesian Honey against Bacteria of Acne
  1. Evi Sulastri, Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair, Nurafni Israyanti Anas, Syakila Abidin, Ririen Hardani, Risfah Yulianti, Aliyah, 2018, Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid, Quercetin Content and Antioxidant Activity of Standardized Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaf from Regions with Different Elevation, Pharmacognosy journal, 10, 6, s104-s108 https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2018.6s.20
  2. Ramón Ignacio Castillo-Lopez, Josefina Leon-Felix, Ma Angulo-Escalante, Roberto Gutierrez-Dorado, María Dolores Muy-Rangel, José Basilio Heredia, 2017, Nutritional and Phenolic Characterization of Moringa oleifera Leaves Grown in Sinaloa, Mexico, Pakistan Journal of Botany, 49, 1, 161-168
  3. Mekonnen Daba, 2016, Miracle Tree: A Review on Multi-Purposes of Moringa oleifera and Its Implication for Climate Change Mitigation, Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change, 7, 4, 1000366 https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7617.1000366
  4. Fatma Alhakmani, Sokindra Kumar, Shah Alam Khan, 2013, Estimation of Total Phenolic Content, In–Vitro Antioxidant and Anti–Inflammatory Activity of Flowers of Moringa oleifera, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 3, 8, 623-627 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60126-4
  5. Boonyadist Vongsak, Pongtip Sithisarn, Supachoke Mangmool, Suchitra Thongpraditchote, Yuvadee Wongkrajang, Wandee Gritsanapan, 2013, Maximizing Total Phenolics, Total Flavonoids Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract by the Appropriate Extraction Method, Industrial Crops and Products, 44, 566-571 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.09.021
  6. Farjana Nikkon, Zahangir Alam Saud, M. Habibur Rahman, Md. Ekramul Haque, 2003, In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of the Compound Isolated from Chloroform Extract of Moringa oleifera Lam, Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 6, 22, 1888-1890 http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2003.1888.1890
  7. A. O. Ajayi, T. E. Fadeyi, 2015, Antimicrobial Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Moringa oleifera leaves on Staphylococus aureus and Streptococcus species, American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics, 3, 10, 643-653
  8. Mudasser Zaffer, Showkat Ahmad Ganie, Surender Singh Gulia, Surender Singh Yadav, Ranjana Singh, Sujata Ganguly, 2015, Antifungal Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam, American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics, 3, 1, 28-33
  9. Yevgenia Shebis, David Iluz, Yael Kinel-Tahan, Zvy Dubinsky, Yaron Yehoshua, 2013, Natural Antioxidants: Function and Sources, Food and Nutrition Sciences, 4, 6, 643-649 https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2013.46083
  10. Enny Fachriyah, Dewi Kusrini, Pratama Jujur Wibawa, 2018, Improvement of Bioactivity with Nanoparticle Fabrication: Cytotoxic Test of Ethanol, n-Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Extract from Red Galangal Rhizome (Alpinia purpurata (Vieill.) K. Schum) in Bulk and Nanoparticle Size using BSLT Method, Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 21, 1, 39-43 https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.21.1.39-43
  11. Swati Vyas, Sumita Kachhwaha, S. L. Kothari, 2015, Comparative Analysis of Phenolic Contents and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Moringa oleifera Lam, Pharmacognosy Journal, 7, 1, 44-51 http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2015.7.5
  12. Chia-Chi Chang, Ming-Hua Yang, Hwei-Mei Wen, Jiing-Chuan Chern, 2002, Estimation of Total Flavonoid Content in Propolis by Two Complementary Colorimetric Methods, Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 10, 3, 178-182
  13. Philip Molyneux, 2004, The Use of the Stable Free Radical Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for Estimating Antioxidant Activity, Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 26, 2, 211-219
  14. Birendra Kumar Paikra, Hemant kumar J. Dhongade, Bina Gidwani, 2017, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Moringa oleifera Lam, Journal of Pharmacopuncture, 20, 3, 194-200 https://dx.doi.org/10.3831%2FKPI.2017.20.022
  15. V. L. Singleton, Joseph A. Rossi, 1965, Colorimetry of Total Phenolics with Phosphomolybdic-Phosphotungstic Acid Reagents, American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16, 3, 144-158
  16. O. R. Bancuta, A. Chilian, I. Bancuta, R. M. Ion, R. Setnescu, T. Setnescu, A. Gheboianu, 2016, Improvement of Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Phenolic Compounds by Statistical Investigations, Romanian Journal of Physics, 61, 7-8, 1255-1264
  17. G. Shanmugavel, K. Prabakaran, Binu George, 2018, Evaluation of Phytochemical Constituents of Moringa oleifera (Lam.) Leaves Collected from Puducherry Region, South India, International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 3, 1, 1-8 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1312977
  18. Arif Şanli, Tahsin Karadoğan, 2017, Geographical Impact on Essential Oil Composition of Endemic Kundmannia anatolica Hub.-Mor.(Apiaceae), African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 14, 1, 131-137 https://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i1.14
  19. K. R. Markham, 1982, Techniques of Flavonoid Identification, Academic Press

Last update: 2021-01-23 22:54:42

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2021-01-23 22:54:43

No citation recorded.
Copyright 2020 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

As an article writer, the author has the right to use their articles for various purposes, including use by institutions that employ authors or institutions that provide funding for research. Author rights are granted without special permission.

Author who publishes a paper at JKSA has the broad right to use their work for teaching and scientific purposes without the need to ask permission, including: used for (i) teaching in the author's class or institution, (ii) presentation at meetings or conferences and distributing copies to participants ; (iii) training conducted by the author or author's institution; (iv) distribution to colleagues for research use; (v) use in the compilation of subsequent authors' works; (vi) inclusion in a thesis or dissertation; (vi) reuse of part of the article in another work (with citation); (vii) preparation of derivative works (with citation); (viii) voluntary posting on open websites operated by authors or author institutions for scientific purposes (follow the CC BY-SA License).

Authors and readers can copy and redistribute material in any media or format, and mix, modify, and build material for any purpose but they must provide appropriate credit (provide article citation or content), providing links to the license, and indicate if there are changes.

The authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (JKSA). Copyright encompasses rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations.

Reproduce any part of this journal, its storage in the database or its transmission by all forms or media is permitted does not need for written permission from JKSA. However, it should be cited as an honor in academic manners

JKSA and the Chemistry Department of Diponegoro University and the Editor make every effort to ensure that there are no data, opinions, or false or misleading statements published in JKSA. However, the content of the article is the sole and exclusive responsibility of each author.

The Copyright Transfer Form can be downloaded here: [Copyright Transfer Form - Indonesian] [Copyright Transfer Form - English]. The copyright form should be signed originally and send to the Editor in the form of printed letters, scanned documents sent via email or fax.

 

Adi Darmawan, Ph.D (Editor in Chief)

Editor in chief of Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (JKSA)

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 50275
Email: jksa@live.undip.ac.id