Pemanfaatan Geraniol Dari Minyak Sereh Sebagai Senyawa Penarik Lebah Madu

*Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana scopus  -  Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Bayu Refindra Fitriadi  -  Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Ismiyarto Ismiyarto scopus  -  Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Published: 1 Apr 2008.
Open Access Copyright 2008 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi
License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

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Abstract
Produksi minyak sereh di Indonesia merupakan salah satu yang terbesar di dunia. Akan tetapi, pemanfaatan dari minyak sereh masih sangat kurang. Minyak sereh diisolasi dari daun sereh wangi Jawa (Cymbopogon Winterianus Jowwit). Minyak sereh ini mengandung bermacam senyawa, salah satunya senyawa geraniol. Senyawa ini memiliki struktur yang sama dengan feromon yang digunakan oleh lebah madu (A. Mellifera) dalam berkomunikasi dengan lebah madu lain. Metode yang digunakan dalam mengisolasi minyak sereh dari daun sereh adalah metode distilasi uap. Pengkayaan kandungan geraniol dalam minyak sereh digunakan refluks. Distilasi fraksinasi vakum dilakukan untuk mengisolasi geraniol dari minyak sereh. Minyak sereh yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diisolasi dari 10 kg daun sereh wangi dengan distilasi uap dan menghasilkan minyak sereh sebanyak 42,5 mL (0,373%) dengan warna kuning bening mengkilat bau khas sereh. Data kromatogram GC-MS minyak sereh menunjukkan kandungan geraniol sebanyak 65,34%. Kandungan geraniol dalam minyak sereh meningkat menjadi 81,96% setelah direfluks dengan larutan NaOH dalam etanol akibat terjadinya reaksi hidrolisis geranil asetat menjadi geraniol. Geraniol diperoleh dari minyak sereh dengan distilasi fraksinasi vakum pada tekanan 110 mmHg. Geraniol yang diperoleh terbukti mampu menarik lebah madu.Kata kunci: Minyak sereh, geraniol, feromon, lebah madu
Keywords: Minyak sereh; geraniol; feromon; lebah madu

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Article Info
Section: Research Articles
Language: ID
In Vol 11, No 1 (2008): Volume 11 Issue 1 Year 2008
Statistics: 3892 2465
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