DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.25.2.71-78

Catalytic hydrogenation of stearic acid to 1-octadecanol using supported bimetallic Pd–Sn(3.0)/γ–Al2O3 catalyst

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Lambung Mangkurat University, Jl. A. Yani Km 36.0 Banjarbaru 70714, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

2Catalysis for Sustainable Energy and Environment (CATSuRe), Wetland-based Material Research Center, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru 70714, South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Received: 4 Jan 2022; Revised: 20 Feb 2022; Accepted: 24 Feb 2022; Published: 28 Feb 2022.
Open Access Copyright 2022 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract
Supported bimetallic palladium-tin catalyst on gamma-alumina (γ-Al2O3) (denoted as Pd–Sn(3.0)/γ-Al2O3; Pd = 5%wt and Pd/Sn molar ratio is 3.0) has been synthesized via the hydrothermal method at a temperature of 423 K for 24 h and reduced with H2 at 673 K for 3 h. The XRD patterns of the samples showed typical diffraction peaks of support γ-Al2O3, metallic Pd, Sn, and Pd–Sn alloy phases. Diffraction peaks of metallic Pd were observed at 2θ = 39.8°; 46.6°; and 68.0°, which can be attributed to the Pd(111), Pd(200), and Pd(220), respectively, while the diffraction peaks at 2θ = 39.8° and 41.0° can be attributed to Pd2Sn and Pd3Sn2, respectively, which may overlap with the Pd(111) species. The ammonia desorption and pyridine adsorption profiles showed Lewis and Brönsted acid sites. The specific surface area (SBET) of Pd–Sn(3.0)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was 117.83 m2/g which is dominated by a micropore structure. The highest conversion of stearic acid was 99.1% with a yield of 1-octadecanol 43.2% was obtained at temperature 513 K, initial H2 pressure of 2.0 MPa, a reaction time of 13 h, and in 2-propanol/water (4.0:1.0 v/v) solvent.
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Keywords: Hydrogenation; Stearic Acid; 1–Octadecanol; Bimetallic Pd–Sn Catalyst
Funding: BPDP Kelapa Sawit; Ministry of Finance; Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education under contract DIPA-042.06-1.401516/2020.

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Section: Research Articles
Language : EN
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