DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.27.1.14-20

Utilization of Nanocellulose from Red Onion Skins as Nanofiller in Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Film

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Data Analytics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia

2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia

Received: 5 Aug 2023; Revised: 6 Nov 2023; Accepted: 6 Nov 2023; Published: 19 Feb 2024.
Open Access Copyright 2024 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract
Research has been conducted to apply nanocellulose from red onion skins as a nanofiller on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based films. It aims to determine the effect of red onion skin nanocellulose on PVA-based films in improving mechanical and biodegradation properties. Nanocellulose was produced from the skin of red onions through an acid hydrolysis process with a temperature of 45°C for 40 minutes. The resulting nanocellulose was characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SEM. Nanocellulose, with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, was then used as a filler in PVA-based films. The results were characterized to determine the mechanical and biodegradation properties. The nanocellulose obtained from the red onion skins in this study was 12.615 nm with a crystallinity index of 78.668%. The optimum tensile strength was achieved at 14.7573 MPa in PVA-based film filled with 20% nanocellulose extracted from red onion skins. The greatest elongation percentage of 118.3265% was observed in a PVA-based film containing 50% nanocellulose from red onion skins. Moreover, optimal biodegradation occurred in PVA films incorporating 50% nanocellulose from red onion skins, resulting in a weight loss of 12.86% over 14 days.
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Keywords: Nanocellulose; red onion skins; acid hydrolysis; PVA film

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Section: Research Articles
Language : EN
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