DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.26.9.344-352

In vitro and In silico Studies of Kayu Raja (Cassia fistula L.) Leaves Extract as Potential Antifungal Agent Against Candida albicans

1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

2Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ. Habibie, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan Banten 15314, Indonesia

Received: 6 Sep 2023; Revised: 26 Nov 2023; Accepted: 26 Nov 2023; Published: 8 Dec 2023.
Open Access Copyright 2023 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Cover Image
Abstract

Candida albicans is one of the most common fungal species causing opportunistic infections, such as candidiasis. Candida albicans has the ability to produce and secrete hydrolytic enzymes, namely secrete aspartate protease (SAP). SAP3 is a virulence factor for mucosal or disseminated infections. Cassia fistula leaves have bioactive compounds that can be used as antimicrobial agents, such as hyperoside, delphin, epicatechin, isoquercitrin, and astragalin. This study aims to determine the potential of bioactive compounds in Cassia fistula L. as an antifungal by in silico method molecular docking and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) analysis with FE-SEM test for microscopical visual results. The results showed that the delphin compound had the best binding energy of -7.73 and an inhibition constant of 2.17 M, almost equivalent to ketoconazole as a positive control. MIC test of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Cassia fistula leaves resulted in 100 ppm in the ethanol extract and 50 ppm in the ethyl acetate fraction. This result was supported by FE-SEM results, which showed that the ethanol extract at 100 ppm could damage the structure of Candida albicans colony.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Cassia fistula; Candida albicans; in silico; antimicrobial; bioactive compound
Funding: National Agency for Science and Innovation (BRIN) Indonesia

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Photodegradation of Naphthol Blue Black Dye Development of Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (µPADs) for Determination of Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ Ions in Mineral Water Modification and Application Study of Activated Natural Zeolite for the Treatment of Liquid Waste from Chemical Laboratory More recent articles
Most cited articles
Activity of Actinomycetes Isolated from Mangrove Segara Anakan Cilacap toward Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Sintesis 3-(3,4-Dimetoksi Fenil)-1-Propanol Melalui Hidroborasi Metileugenol Menggunakan H3B:Dietileter Sintesis Porous Carbon dari Sukrosa Menggunakan Silica Template pada Temperatur Kamar Total Hyptolide of Indonesian Hyptis pectinata extracts in a various solvent using HPLC and UV-Vis spectroscopy and their toxicities Conversion of Wood Waste to be a Source of Alternative Liquid Fuel Using Low Temperature Pyrolysis Method More cited articles
  1. Dewi Kusrini, Khairul Anam, Bambang Cahyono, Potensi Antimikosis Beberapa Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia, Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 9, 3, (2006), 69-73 https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.9.3.69-73
  2. Nayan R. Bhalodia, V. J. Shukla, Antibacterial and antifungal activities from leaf extracts of Cassia fistula l.: An ethnomedicinal plant, Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 2, 2, (2011), 104-109
  3. S. M. Seyyednejad, H. Motamedi, M. Vafei, A. Bakhtiari, The Antibacterial Activity of Cassia fistula Organic Extracts, Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, 7, 1, (2014), e8921 https://doi.org/10.5812/jjm.8921
  4. Mafalda Cavalheiro, Miguel Cacho Teixeira, Candida Biofilms: Threats, Challenges, and Promising Strategies, Frontiers in Medicine, 5, 28, (2018), https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2018.00028
  5. Louise Basmaciyan, Fabienne Bon, Tracy Paradis, Pierre Lapaquette, Frédéric Dalle, “Candida Albicans Interactions With The Host: Crossing The Intestinal Epithelial Barrier”, Tissue Barriers, 7, 2, (2019), 1612661 https://doi.org/10.1080/21688370.2019.1612661
  6. Staniszewska Monika, Bondaryk Małgorzata, Ochal Zbigniew, Contribution of Aspartic Proteases in Candida Virulence. Protease Inhibitors against Candida Infections, Current Protein & Peptide Science, 18, 10, (2017), 1050-1062 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203717666160809155749
  7. P. Mani, Muniraj Menakha, Mohammad Saleh Al-Aboody, Wael Alturaiki, V. K. Rajendran, Molecular Docking of Bioactive Compounds from Piper Plants Against Secreted Aspartyl Proteinase of Candida albicans Causing Oral
  8. Candidiasis, International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 8, 10, (2016), 1380-1389
  9. A. T. Permata, A. A. Prasetyo, S. Haryati, Molecular analysis of candida albicans Secreted Aspartyl Proteinase 3 (SAP3) Indonesian isolate, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 434, (2018), 012112 https://www.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/434/1/012112
  10. L. A. Braga-Silva, A. L. S. Santos, Aspartic Protease Inhibitors as Potential Anti-Candida albicans Drugs: Impacts on Fungal Biology, Virulence and Pathogenesis, Current Medicinal Chemistry, 18, 16, (2011), 2401-2419 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986711795843182
  11. Donatella Pietrella, Anna Rachini, Mark Pines, Neelam Pandey, Paolo Mosci, Francesco Bistoni, Cristophe d'Enfert, Anna Vecchiarelli, Th17 Cells and IL-17 in Protective Immunity to Vaginal Candidiasis, PLOS ONE, 6, 7, (2011), e22770 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022770
  12. Lívia Araújo Alves, Irlan de Almeida Freires, Tricia Murielly Pereira, Andrade de Souza, Edeltrudes de Oliveira Lima, Ricardo Dias de Castro, Effect of Schinus terebinthifolius on Candida albicans growth kinetics, cell wall formation and micromorphology, Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 71, 3-4, (2013), 965-971 https://doi.org/10.3109/00016357.2012.741694
  13. P. Sony, M. Kalyani, D. Jeyakumari, I. Kannan, R. G. Sukumar, In vitro antifungal activity of cassia fistula extracts against fluconazole resistant strains of Candida species from HIV patients, Journal de Mycologie Médicale, 28, 1, (2018), 193-200 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.07.010
  14. Cristiane S. Shinobu-Mesquita, Patricia S. Bonfim-Mendonça, Amanda L. Moreira, Izabel C. P. Ferreira, Lucelia Donatti, Adriana Fiorini, Terezinha I. E. Svidzinski, Cellular Structural Changes in Candida albicans Caused by the Hydroalcoholic Extract from Sapindus saponaria L., Molecules, 20, 5, (2015), 9405-9418 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20059405
  15. Gusnia Meilin Gholam, Iman Akhyar Firdausy, I. Made Artika, Ramadhani Malik Abdillah, Ridwan Putra Firmansyah, Molecular docking: Bioactive compounds of Mimosa pudica as an inhibitor of Candida albicans Sap 3, bioRxiv, (2022), https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.06.506736
  16. Haifa A. A. Omer, Giovanni Caprioli, Doaa Abouelenein, Ahmed M. Mustafa, Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba, Gunes Ak, Refiye Beyza Ozturk, Gokhan Zengin, Sakina Yagi, Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Leaves from Two Cassia and Two Senna Species, Molecules, 27, 17, (2022), 5590 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27175590
  17. Nima Razzaghi-Asl, Ahmad Ebadi, Najmeh Edraki, Ahmadreza Mehdipour, Sara Shahabipour, Ramin Miri, Response surface methodology in docking study of small molecule BACE-1 inhibitors, Journal of Molecular Modeling, 18, 10, (2012), 4567-4576 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-012-1424-1
  18. Nyiang Kennet Nkungli, Aymard Didier Tamafo Fouegue, Stanley Numbonui Tasheh, Fritzgerald Kogge Bine, Abrar Ul Hassan, Julius Numbonui Ghogomu, In silico investigation of falcipain-2 inhibition by hybrid benzimidazole-thiosemicarbazone antiplasmodial agents: A molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and kinetics study, Molecular Diversity, (2023), https://doi.org/10.1007/s11030-022-10594-3
  19. Karisma Enggar Saputri, Nurul Fakhmi, Erwinda Kusumaningtyas, Dedy Priyatama, Broto Santoso, Docking molekular potensi anti diabetes melitus tipe 2 turunan zerumbon sebagai inhibitor aldosa reduktase dengan autodock-vina, Chimica et Natura Acta, 4, 1, (2016), 16-20 https://doi.org/10.24198/cna.v4.n1.10443
  20. Taufik Muhammad Fakih, Firda Aulia Jannati, Annisa Meilani, Dwi Syah Fitra Ramadhan, Fitrianti Darusman, Studi In Silico Aktivitas Analog Senyawa Zizyphine dari Bidara Arab (Zizyphus spina-christi) sebagai Antivirus SARS-CoV-2 terhadap Reseptor 3CLpro, Alchemy Jurnal Penelitian Kimia, 18, 1, (2022), 70-79 https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.18.1.52188.70-79
  21. Mark A. T. Blaskovich, Alysha G. Elliott, Angela M. Kavanagh, Soumya Ramu, Matthew A. Cooper, In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Acne Drugs Against Skin-Associated Bacteria, Scientific Reports, 9, (2019), 14658 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50746-4
  22. Saaid Al Shehadat, Mehmet Omer Gorduysus, Suzina Sheikh Abdul Hamid, Nurul Asma Abdullah, Abdul Rani Samsudin, Azlina Ahmad, Optimization of scanning electron microscope technique for amniotic membrane investigation: A preliminary study, European Journal of Dentistry, 12, 04, (2018), 574-578 https://www.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_401_17
  23. A. Wahyu Suryadi Ningrat, Docking Molekuler Senyawa Brazilein Herba Caesalpina Sappanis Lignum Pada Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Inha Sebagai Antituberkulosis, Inhealth : Indonesian Health Journal, 1, 1, (2022), 29-34
  24. Salsa Sagitasa, Karyn Elizabeth, Luthfi Ihsan Sulaeman, Annisa Rafashafly, Desra Widdy Syafra, Abednego Kristande, M. Muchtaridi, Studi In Silico Senyawa Aktif Daun Singawalang (Petiveria alliacea) Sebagai Penurun Kadar Glukosa Darah Untuk Pengobatan Penyakit Diabetes Melitus Tipe-2, Chimica et Natura Acta, 9, 2, (2021), 58-66 https://doi.org/10.24198/cna.v9.n2.34083
  25. Naufa Futna, Mutiah Roihatul, Indrawijaya Yen Yen Ari, In Silico Studies on The Potential of Green Tea Catechin Compounds (Camellia sinensis) as Antiviral of SARS CoV-2 Againts Spike Glycoprotein (6LZG) and Main Protease (5R7Y), Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 10, 1, (2022), 584-596 https://doi.org/10.22146/jfps.3580
  26. Nursamsiar, M. Siregar, A. Awaluddin, N. Nurnahari, S. Nur, E. Febrina, A. Asnawi, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamic Simulation of The Aglycone of Curculigoside A and its Derivatives as Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors, Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, 13, 1, (2020), 690-698 http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/RJC.2020.1315577
  27. Arwansyah Arwansyah, Laksmi Ambarsari, Tony I. Sumaryada, Simulasi docking senyawa kurkumin dan analognya sebagai inhibitor reseptor androgen pada kanker prostat, Current Biochemistry, 1, 1, (2014), 11-19
  28. Ellen A. Malveira, Pedro F. N. Souza, Nilton A. S. Neto, Tawanny K. B. Aguiar, Natanael S. Rodrigues, Carlos W. B. Henrique, Ayrles F. B. Silva, Leandro B. Lima, Cynthia C. Albuquerque, Cleverson D. T. Freitas, Essential Oil from Croton blanchetianus Leaves: Anticandidal Potential and Mechanisms of Action, Journal of Fungi, 8, 11, (2022), 1147 https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111147
  29. Abdillah Imron Nasution, Basri Basri, Scanning Electron Microscopy of Candida Albicans Cell Wall on Tooth Surface After Fluconazole-Treated and Incubated with Guava (Psidium Guajava L), Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society, 2, 2, (2017), 78-84
  30. Subramanion L. Jothy, Zuraini Zakariah, Yeng Chen, Sreenivasan Sasidharan, In Vitro, in Situ and in Vivo Studies on the Anticandidal Activity of Cassia fistula Seed Extract, Molecules, 17, 6, (2012), 6997-7009 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17066997

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-05-09 14:30:50

No citation recorded.