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Synthesis and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide from Nipah Shell Charcoal (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) using Microwave Irradiation

Program Studi Teknik Pengendalian Pencemaran Lingkungan, Politeknik Negeri Cilacap, Kabupaten Cilacap, Indonesia

Received: 28 Sep 2024; Revised: 11 Nov 2024; Accepted: 18 Nov 2024; Published: 30 Nov 2024.
Open Access Copyright 2024 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Graphene, an allotrope of carbon, consists of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice and holds significant potential for diverse applications. This study focuses on the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) from nipah shell charcoal (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) using a modified Hummer’s method combined with microwave irradiation, employing L-ascorbic acid as the reducing agent. The synthesized rGO was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX). The FTIR spectra revealed an aromatic C=C ring stretching vibration at 1591.47 cm-1. The XRD analysis showed characteristic rGO peaks at 2θ ~ 27.58° and 48.45°. SEM images indicated that the rGO exhibited sheet-like structures with slight wrinkling. Elemental analysis identified carbon and oxygen as the primary elements in both GO and rGO, alongside trace impurities, including N, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Zn, and S. An increase in the C/O ratio from 1.90 in GO to 2.38 in rGO confirmed the successful synthesis of reduced graphene oxide.

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Keywords: graphene; nipah shell charcoal; rGO; microwave irradiation
Funding: Directorate of Vocational Higher Education under contract State Higher Education Operational Assistance (BOPTN) under contract number 91/SPK/D.D4/PPK.01.APTV/III/2024

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