DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.28.9.529-535

Comparative Study on the Effect of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) Concentration on the Structure and Performance of Chitosan Membranes for Phosphate Ion Filtration

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH., Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia

Received: 22 Oct 2025; Revised: 3 Dec 2025; Accepted: 4 Dec 2025; Published: 8 Dec 2025.
Open Access Copyright 2025 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

The increasing concentration of phosphate in industrial and agricultural waste is a major cause of eutrophication, which threatens the balance of aquatic ecosystems. Membrane technology offers an effective approach for phosphate ion removal through the combined mechanisms of filtration and adsorption. In this study, chitosan membranes were modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) at four different concentrations using the phase inversion method. Increasing the PVP K30 content in the chitosan membrane enhanced water absorption, porosity, and hydrophilicity. These improvements significantly influenced phosphate ion filtration performance, resulting in a flux increase of 33–48% and an enhancement in phosphate ion rejection of 32–39% compared to the unmodified chitosan membrane. Furthermore, phosphate ion adsorption on the membrane surface was observed, which is likely attributed to the presence of surface functional groups with different charges and to membrane pore sizes comparable to the size of phosphate ions.

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Keywords: chitosan; PVP K30; porosity; filtration; phosphate ion adsorption

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Section: Research Articles
Language : EN
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