CITIZEN INCLUSION DALAM PRAKTIK GOVERNANCE: Penelusuran Dalam Kebijakan Pendidikan Kota Surakarta

Abstract

Abstract
Inclusion is a requirement for governance to work in the name of policy and public service.
Inclusion makes citizen’s voice and aspiration to be included and calculated in public policy. In this
way, inclusion requires the people to be active and the government to be innovative as well as citizen
need-base.
This research was conducted in this context. This research tried to elaborate deeper the
involvement of the citizen in various innovative policies in Surakarta City. The case in point was
education policy in Surakarta City, especially Bantuan Pendidikan untuk Masyarakat Kota
Surakarta/BPMKS (education aid for the people of Surakarta)to find out how far citizen’s inclusion
have been included in the formation of public policy, and what was the stumbling blocs of this
program.
Using in-depth interview and documentation study, this research found that many sectoral
policy was still in the hand of technocrats, and citizens’s inclusion was still in the dormant. However,
in Surakarta sector policy as well as proggrams, could not be separated from the role of citizen,
through Musrenbang, public hearing as well as NGO’s advocacy for the government. In short, the
citizen has indeed owned their inclusion space, but in some cases they have to contend with elite
biases. Moreover, citizen’s inclusion has not been supported by good political communication.
Technical and cultural blocks could be said to be the main reasons why inclusion has still been weak
in nature.
Key words: inclusion, elite-bias, technical and cultural blocks