DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.15.2.154-157

ANALISA PERFORMA GAYA APUNG, GAYA TENGGELAM, DAN KECEPATAN TENGGELAM PURSE SEINE CAKALANG KM BINTANG SURYA (Analysis of Buoyancy, Sinking Force and Sinking Speed of the Skipjack Purse Seines Bintang Surya)

Herry Boesono  -  Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

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Abstract

Pukat cincin yang beroperasi di samudera memiliki ukuran yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan jenis alat tangkap lainnya. Ukuran purse seine disesuaikan dengan wilayah pengoperasian dan target tangkapan alat tangkap ini. Bahan dan konstruksi sangat mempengaruhi keberhasilan alat tangkap ini dalam melakukan operasi penangkapan. Perhitungan teknis konstruksi diperlukan untuk mendapatkan konstruksi alat tangkap yang efektif dan efisien dalam melakukan operasi penangkapan. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat tangkap purse seine cakalang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rumus Fridman. Tipe purse seine pada alat tangkap ini merupakan tipe purse seine persegi empat dengan panjang purse seine cakalang sebesar 806,4 meter, kedalaman purse seine sebesar 142,8 meter, dan berat purse seine di udara sebesar 9818,68 kg. Nilai gaya apung didapatkan sebesar 4608,69 kgf, nilai gaya tenggelam didapatkan besar 2562,63 kgf dan nilai rasio antara gaya apung dan gaya tenggelam sebesar 1,80. Rasio gaya apung dan gaya tenggelam ideal adalah 1,5-2,0. Nilai rata-rata kecepatan tenggelam di kedalaman 50 meter sebesar 0,27 m/s. Nilai rata-rata kecepatan tenggelam di kedalaman 100 meter sebesar 0,13 m/s. Kecepatan tenggelam bagian purse seine mengalami penurunan seiring dengan bertambahnya kedalaman perairan. Waktu tenggelam penuh yang dibutuhkan bagian pada purse seine cakalang sebesar 14 menit 07 detik. Kecepatan kapal yang baik untuk melakukan setting alat tangkap ini adalah 3,5-6,0 knot.

 

Purse seine which operated in the ocean had a large size compared to another types of fishing gear. The size of the purse seine is adjusted to the fishing ground and fish target of the catch. Material and construction greatly affect the success of this fishing gear in fishing operations. Technical calculation of construction is needed to get effective and efficient fishing gear construction when conducting fishing operations. This study uses skipjack tuna purse seine. This research method uses quantitative descriptive analysis method using purse seine physics equation approach by Fridman (1985). The length of skipjack tuna purse seine is 806.4 meters with the depth of purse seine is 9142,8 meters, and the weight of purse seine in the air is 9818.68 kg. The value of buoyancy force was obtained at 4608.69 kgf, the value of sinking force was 2562.63 kgf and the value of the ratio between buoyancy force and sinking force was 1.80. The best ratio of buoyancy force and sinking force is 1.5-2.0. The value of average sinking speed at a depth of 50 meters is 0,27 m/s, and at a depth of 100 is 0.13 m/s. Singkings speed of purse seine has decreasing value following by increasing water depth. The full sinking time required for the skipjack purse seine is 14 minutes 07 seconds. The best speed for setting this fishing gear is 3.5-6.0 knots.

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Keywords: purse seine cakalang; gaya apung, gaya tenggelam; kecepatan tenggelam

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Section: Research Articles
Language : ID
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