DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.16.1.51-58

POTENSI EPIBIOTIK CAMPURAN EKSTRAK DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia) DAN TEMULAWAK (Curcuma zanthorrhiza) PADA PAKAN UNTUK MENGATASI INFEKSI Aeromonas hydrophila PADA IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus)

*Sarjito - Sarjito scopus  -  Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Slamet Budi Prayitno  -  Departemen Akuakultur,, Indonesia
Nida Qolbi Salma Rochani  -  Departemen Akuakultur,, Indonesia
Alfabetian Harjuno Condro Haditomo  -  Departemen Akuakultur,, Indonesia
Rosa Amalia  -  Departemen Akuakultur,, Indonesia
Desrina Desrina  -  Departemen Akuakultur,, Indonesia

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Abstract

Salah satu permasalahan pada budidaya ikan lele adalah Aeromonasis yang disebabkan oleh Aeromonas hydrophila. Berbagai upaya pencegahan dan pengobatan telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan kimia maupun herbal. Bahan herbal, berupa epibiotik (tunggal maupun campuran) digunakan oleh pembudidaya untuk pencegahan dan pengobatan penyakit ini, karena mudah diperoleh, murah dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penambahan campuran epibiotik, ekstrak daun binahong dan temulawak pada pakan terhadap profil darah dan kelulushidupan ikan lele yang diinfeksi A. hydrophila. Metoda yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan). Seratus delapan puluh ikan lele uji dengan panjang 7-9 cm yang dipelihara pada akuarium berisi air 10 L.  Dosis campuran epibiotik, esktrak daun binahong dan temulawak menggunakan perbandingan untuk perlakuan A (0%:0%), B (100%:0%), C (75%:25%), D (50%:50%), E (25%:75%) dan F (0%:100%) dengan dosis dasar 2500 ppm untuk ekstrak daun binahong dan 900 ppm untuk temulawak. Campuran epibiotik tersebut ditambahkan pada pakan komersil sebagai pakan uji dengan metode spray. Pakan uji diberikan selama 14 hari, kemudian pada hari kelimabelas ikan uji diinjeksi A. hydrophila secara intramuscular dengan konsentrasi 106 CFU/mL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gejala klinis ikan lele yang terinfeksi A. hydrophila adalah nafsu makan rendah, bercak merah, luka, haemorhagi serta warna tubuh memucat.  Penambahan campuran epiobiotik ekstrak daun binahong dan temulawak berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap profil darah dan kelulushidupan ikan uji pasca perlakuan dan pasca infeksi. Campuran epibiotik D mampu melawan infeksi A.hydrophilla pada C. gariepinus dengan tingkat kelulushidupan tertinggi (90±17%).

 

One of the problems in catfish culture was aeromonasis that was caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. The prevention and threatment of this disease have been carried out with using chemichal substance and an epibiotics from eco-friendly herbal plant extracts. Epibiotics, such as binahong leaves and curcuma extracts had been applicated by farmers to threat this disease because of it’s cheap and easy to get it. The aims of this study was to evaluate the effect of mixture binahong leaves and curcuma extracts in feed on blood profile and survival rate of catfish infected A. hydrophila. The method of research used was Completely Randomized Design, consisted of 6 treatments and 3 replications. The catfish used was 180 fishes with length of 7-9 cm that were cultured in aquarium with 10L waters. The basic dosage of binahong leaves and curcuma extracts used was 2500 ppm and 900 ppm with the ratio of treatment A (0%:0%), B (100%:0%), C (75%:25%), D (50%:50%), E (25%:75%), and F (0%:100%). The mix extract was added to the commercial feed as a feed test with spray methods. The treatment feed was given for 14 days and on the next day was done infected A. hydrophila intramusculary with density of 106 CFU/mL. The result showed that catfish infected A. hydrophila had low appetite, redness, ulcer, and hemorhagic, pale body. Feeding with the treatment feed showed the significant result on catfish’s blood profile and survival rate post-treatments and post-infection  (p<0.05). Treatment D showed the best result on survival rate (90±17%).

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Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila; binahong; lele; temulawak

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