DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.20.2.59-66

EVALUASI MANAJEMEN PEMBERIAN PAKAN PADA PEMBESARAN IKAN LELE DENGAN SISTEM BIOFLOK PADA SKALA LAPANG

Julie Ekasari  -  Departemen Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia
Muhammad Ilham Labulal Banin  -  Departemen Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia
Ichsan Achmad Fauzi  -  Departemen Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia
*Apriana Vinasyiam  -  Departemen Budidaya Perairan, Indonesia

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Abstract
Manajemen pemberian pakan melalui kombinasi pemberian pakan protein tinggi dan pakan protein rendah diduga dapat menekan biaya produksi pada usaha budidaya pembesaran ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi manajemen pemberian pakan dengan kadar protein berbeda terhadap kinerja produksi dan kinerja usaha budidaya pembesaran ikan lele yang dipelihara dalam sistem bioflok. Ikan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini memiliki bobot awal 5,48±1,31 g dan panjang awal 9,36±0,54 cm. Manajemen pemberian pakan dilakukan dengan pemberian pakan tinggi protein (HP) (33%) selama masa pembesaran dan kombinasi pakan HP (selama 42 hari pertama) dengan pakan rendah protein (LP) (14%) hingga panen. Kedua perlakuan ini diujikan pada dua sistem pembesaran ikan lele dengan metode konvensional pada kepadatan rendah (150 ekor m-3) dan sistem bioflok dengan kepadatan tinggi (500 ekor m-3). Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan (P>0,05). Laju pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan pemberian pakan protein tinggi dan tidak berbeda antara sistem konvensional dan sistem bioflok. Pemberian pakan rendah protein meningkatkan retensi protein pada kedua sistem pemeliharaan. Hasil analisis usaha menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan bioflok dengan pakan HP menghasilkan keuntungan terbesar di antara perlakuan lainnya yaitu Rp 24.413.257, R/C ratio sebesar 1,07, dan payback period selama 1,51 tahun. Penggunaan sistem bioflok dengan pakan berprotein tinggi dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan keuntungan usaha pembesaran ikan lele dibandingkan dengan sistem konvensional dengan kepadatan rendah. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan dengan protein rendah tidak dapat menurunkan biaya pakan ataupun meningkatkan keuntungan usaha pembesaran ikan lele.
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Keywords: sistem bioflok; ikan lele; pembesaran; protein pakan

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