DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/teknik.v43i3.46575

Kajian Komposit Berbasis Paduan Logam Magnesium Berpenguat Keramik untuk Aplikasi Ortopedi

Franciska Pramuji Lestari orcid  -  Pusat Riset Metalurgi - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), Indonesia
Ika Kartika  -  Pusat Riset Metalurgi – Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), Indonesia
Ariadne Lakshmidevi Juwono  -  Departemen Fisika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
*Anawati Anawati  -  Departemen Fisika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
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Abstract
Komposit berbasis logam Magnesium (Mg) merupakan material maju yang potensial diaplikasikan untuk implan biodegradabel yang bersifat sementara. Mg memiliki sifat biodegradabel, biokompatibel serta memiliki densitas yang mendekati tulang sehingga dapat mengurangi stress shielding antara tulang dan implan. Namun, Mg memiliki laju degradasi yang relatif cepat yang dapat menurunkan sifat mekaniknya di dalam lingkungan fisiologis dan kurangnya sifat bioaktivitas. Di sisi lain, biokeramik yang kerap digunakan sebagai bahan implan tulang dan gigi bersifat bioaktif dan bioinert. Penggabungan Mg dan keramik dapat menjadi sebuah material komposit untuk aplikasi biomedis dengan peningkatan sifat mekanik dan biokompatibilitas serta laju degradasi yang imbang. Dalam kajian ini, dibahas secara komprehensif kemajuan riset material komposit berbasis Mg dengan paduan logam Mg sebagai matriks, berbagai material keramik yang umum digunakan sebagai penguat, fasa-fasa penguatan pada komposit, proses manufaktur serta perlakuan panas pada komposit berbasis magesium. Komposit berbasis Mg menjadi material yang menjanjikan untuk aplikasi biomedis karena kombinasi sifat mekanik yang baik, berat jenis yang rendah, dan kemungkinan untuk mencapai laju korosi yang lebih lambat serta meningkatkan penyembuhan dengan adanya material bioaktif.
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Keywords: magnesium, Mg; implan; komposit; keramik; biomaterial

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