DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.3.1.13-20

Characteristics of Waste Plastics Pyrolytic Oil and Its Applications as Alternative Fuel on Four Cylinder Diesel Engines

1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Published: 15 Feb 2014.
Editor(s):

Citation Format:
Abstract
Waste plastics recycling using pyrolysis method is not only able to decrease a number of environment pollutant but also able to produce economical and high quality hydrocarbon products. Two experiments were conducted to completely study Waste Plastic Pyrolytic Oil (WPPO) characteristics and its applications.  First experiment investigated oil characteristics derived from pyrolysis process in two stages batch reactors: pyrolysis and catalytic reforming reactor, at maximum temperature 500oC and 450oC respectively. Waste Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), Polystyrene (PS), Polyethylene Terepthalate (PET) and others were used as raw material. Nitrogen flow rate at 0.8 l/minutes was used to increase oil weight percentage. Indonesian natural zeolite was used as catalyst. Then, second experiment was carried out on Diesel Engine Test Bed (DETB) used blending of WPPO and Biodiesel fuel with a volume ratio of 1:9. This experiment was specifically conducted to study how much potency of blending of WPPO and biodiesel in diesel engine. The result of first experiment showed that the highest weight percentage of WPPO derived from mixture of PE waste (50%wt), PP waste (40%wt) and PS waste (10%wt) is 45.13%wt. The more weight percentage of PE in feedstock effected on the less weight percentage of WPPO, the more percentage of C12-C20 content in WPPO and the higher calorific value of WPPO. Characteristics of WPPO such as, Specific Gravity, Flash point, Pour Point, Kinematic Viscosity, Calorific value and percentage of C12-C20 showed interesting result that WPPO could be developed as alternative fuel on diesel fuel blending due to the proximity of their characteristics. Performance of diesel engine using blending of WPPO and biodiesel on second experiment gave good result so the WPPO will have great potency to be valuable alternative liquid fuel in future, especially on stationary diesel engine and transportation engine application.
Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: diesel; fuel; pyrolysis; pyrolytic oil; waste plastic

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Original Research Article
Language : EN
Statistics:
Most cited articles
Generating Organic Liquid Products from Catalytic Cracking of Used Cooking Oil over Mechanically Mixed Catalysts Biodiesel Production from Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) Seed Oil using Naturally Alkaline Catalyst as an Effort of Green Energy and Technology Gasification of Pelletized Corn Residues with Oxygen Enriched Air and Steam Pre-treatment of Used-Cooking Oil as Feed Stocks of Biodiesel Production by Using Activated Carbon and Clay Minerals Thermal effects investigation on electrical properties of silicon solar cells treated by laser irradiation More cited articles
  1. Achilias, D.S., Antonakou E., Roupakias C., Megalokonomos P. & Lappas A. (2008) Recycling techniques of polyelefins from plastic waste. Global NEST Journal, 10(1), 114-122
  2. Behera, P.& Marugan, S. (2013) Combustion, performance and emsission parameters of used transformer oil and its diesel blends in DI diesel engine.Journal of Fuel, 104, 147-154 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.09.077
  3. Berrueco, C., Mastral, J.F.& Ceamanos, J. (2007) Modeling of the pyrolysis of high density polyethylene: product distribution in a fluidized bed reactor. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 79, 313-322 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2006.10.018
  4. Bousteead, I. (1997) Eco-Profiles of European Plastics Industry, Report 4: Polystyrene,2ndEdition, Association of plastics manufactures in Europe, Brussels, Belgium
  5. Ghoshal, A.K., Saha, B.& Karthik Reddy, P. (2008) Hybrid genetic algorithm to find the best model and the globally optimized overall kinetics parameters for thermal decomposition of plastics. Chemical Engineering Journal, 138, 20-29 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2007.05.024
  6. Gunthur, R., Kumar, D.& Reddy, VK. (2011) Experiment evaluation a diesel engine with blends of diesel-plastic pyrolysis oil, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, ISSN: 0975-5462
  7. Scheirs, J.& Kaminsky W. (2006) Feedstock Recycling and Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics: Converting Waste Plastics into Diesel and Other Fuels, ISBN: 0-470-02152-7, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. https://doi.org/10.1002/0470021543
  8. Karaduman, A., Simsek, E.H.,Cicek, B.& Bilgesü, A.Y. (2001) Flash pyrolysis of polystyrene wastes in a free-fall reactor under vacuum. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 60, 179-186 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-2370(00)00169-8
  9. Kementrian Negara Riset dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia. (2006) Buku Putih Penelitian, Pengembangan dan Penerapan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan teknologi Bidang Sumber Energi Baru dan Terbarukan untuk Mendukung Keamanan Ketersediaan Energi Tahun 2005 -2025, Jakarta
  10. Kumar, S., Panda A.K Singh R.K. (2011) A review of tertiary of high-density polyethylene to fuel.Journal of Resources, conversion and recycling, 55, 893-910 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.05.005
  11. Lardinois, I.&van de Klundert, A. (1995) Plastic Waste. Options forSmall-Scale Resource Recovery. TOOL Publications, AmsterdamLin, Y.H. (2009) Production of valuable hydrocarbons bycatalytic degradation of a mixture of post-consumer plastic waste in a fluidized-bed reactor. Journal of Polymer Degradation and Stability, 1924-1931 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.08.004
  12. Lopez, A., Marco, I., Cabllero, D.M., Laresgoiti M.F.&Adrados(2011) Influence of time and temperature on pyrolysis plasticwastes in a semi-batch reactor.Chemical Engineering Journal, 173, 62-71 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.07.037
  13. Mani, M., Nagarajan G.& Sampath S. (2010) An experiment on a DI diesel engine using waste plastic oilwith exhaust gas recirculation.Journal of Fuel, 89, 1826-1823 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2009.11.009
  14. Marcilla, A., Hernández, M.R., Gómez, A., García, A.N.& Agulló, J. (2007) Effect of the temperature in the nature and extension of the primary and secondary reactions in the thermal and HZSM-5 catalytic pyrolysis of HDPE. Applied Catalysis A: General, 317, 183-194 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2006.10.017
  15. Pratama, N.N. (2012) Analisis Karakteristik minyak hasil pirolisis plastik Polyethylene, Polypropylene dan Polystyrene, Bachelor Thesis. Mechanical and Industrial engineering Department, UGM, Yogyakarta
  16. Pratoomyod J.& Laohalidanond K. (2013) Perfomance and emission of blends of diesel fuel with wasteplastic oil in a diesel engine.International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, ISSN: 2319-5967
  17. Serrano, D.P., Aguardo, J., Escola, J.M.& Garagorri, E. (2001) Conversion of low density polyethylene into petrochemical feedstock using a continuous screw kiln reactor.Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 58-59, 789-801 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-2370(00)00153-4
  18. Williams, P.T.& Badri, R. (2004) Hydrocarbon gases and soils from the recycling of polystyrene waste by catalytic pyrolysis.International Journal of Energy Research, 28, 31-44 https://doi.org/10.1002/er.949

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.