DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.4.2.131-136

Comparative Analysis of Biodiesels from Calabash and Rubber Seeds Oils

J.O. Awulu ,  G.O. Ogbeh,  N.D. Asawa

Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2373 Makurdi, Niger

Published: 15 Jul 2015.
Editor(s):

Citation Format:
Abstract
Physicochemical properties of biodiesel from vegetable oils depend on the inherent properties of the oil-producing seeds. The purpose of this study is to investigate the physicochemical properties of biodiesels extracted from calabash and rubber seeds oils, as well as their combined oil mixtures with a view to ascertaining the most suitable for biodiesel production. Calabash and rubber seeds oils were separately extracted through the use of a mechanical press with periodic addition of water. Biodiesels were produced from each category of the oils by transesterification of the free fatty acid (FFA) with alcohol under the influence of a catalyst in batch process. The physicochemical properties of the biodiesels were investigated and comparatively analysed. The results obtained indicated an average of 1.40 wt% FFA for biodiesel produced from the purified calabash oil, which has a specific gravity of 0.920, pH of 5.93, flash point of 116 0C, fire point of 138 0C, cloud point of 70 0C, pour point of -4 0C, moisture content of 0.82 wt% and specific heat capacity of 5301 J/kgK. Conversely, the results obtained for biodiesel produced from the purified rubber oil showed an average of 33.66 wt% FFA, specific gravity of 0.885, pH of 5.51, flash point of 145 0C, fire point of 170 0C, cloud point of 10 0C, pour point of 4 0C, moisture content of 1.30 wt% and specific heat capacity of 9317 J/kgK. However, results obtained for biodiesel produced from the combined oil mixtures indicated an average of 19.77 wt% FFA content, specific gravity of 0.904, API gravity of 25.036, pH value of 5.73, flash point of 157 0C, Fire point of 180 0C, cloud point of 9 0C, pour point of 5 0C, moisture content of 0.93 wt% and specific heat capacity of 6051 J/kgK. Biodiesel produced from calabash seed oil is superior in quality to rubber seed oil, particularly in terms of its low FFA and moisture contents.
Fulltext View|Download

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Original Research Article
Language : EN
Statistics: 1350 1280
Share:
Related articles
Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditions Optimal Parameters Synthesis of Biodiesel From Frying Oils Wastes Economic Analysis and Performance of PV Plants: An Application in Kurdistan Region of Iraq Comparison of single and double stage regenerative organic rankine cycle for medium grade heat source through energy and exergy estimation Agro-residues and weed biomass as a source bioenergy: Implications for sustainable management and valorization of low-value biowastes More related articles
Most cited articles
Aerodynamic analysis of backward swept in HAWT rotor blades using CFD Evaluation of Physico-Mechanical-Combustion Characteristics of Fuel Briquettes made from blends of Areca Nut Husk, Simarouba Seed Shell and Black Liquor Innovative Green Technology for Sustainable Industrial Estate Development A Reliability Based Model for Wind Turbine Selection Modeling and Design of Azimuth-Altitude Dual Axis Solar Tracker for Maximum Solar Energy Generation More cited articles
  1. Bachman, J., (2004) Oil seed processing for small scale producer. Available @ http//www.oil.prcessing.com
  2. Fernando, B.D., (2007) Base-catalysed fast transesterification of soybean oil using ultrasonication. Energy and Fuel, 21: 1161-1164
  3. Gerpen, V.J. And Tat, M.E., (2003) Fuel Property Effect in Biodiesel. ASABE Paper No. 036034: American Society of Agricultural Engineering Annual Meeting, pp.70, Las Vagas, USA
  4. Itodo, I.N., (2007) Agricultural Energy Technology Concept. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Makurdi
  5. Knothe, G., (2005) Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure if fatty acid alkyl esters. Fuel Processing Technology, 86(10): 1059-1070
  6. Korbitz, W., (1999) Biodiesel production in Europe and North America, an encouraging prospect. Journal of Renew Energy, Vol. 16, pp. 1078-1083
  7. Koh, M.Y., and Mohd.Ghazi, T.I., (2011) A review of biodiesel production from Jathropha curcas L. oil. J. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15:2240-2251
  8. Ma, F. And Hanna, M.A., (1999), Biodiesel Production: A Review. Bioresource Technology, pp. 70. Available @ 1-15.doi: 10.1016/SO960-8524(99)00025-5
  9. Mustafa, B., (2011) Potential alternatives to edible oils for biodiesel production: A review of current work. Energy Conversion Management, 52:1479–92
  10. Oseni, M. I. and Kucha, E.I., (2007) Extraction and Evaluation of Wear Performance of Wild Melon Oil as an Industrial Lubricant. Journal of Research in Engineering, 4(1):6
  11. Papadopoulos, C.E., Lazaridou, A., Koutsoumba, A., Kokkinos, N., Christoforidis, A., and Nikolaou, N. (2010) Optimization of cotton seed biodiesel quality (critical properties) through modification of its FAME composition by highly selective homogenous hydrogenation. Bioresource Technology, 101:1812-1819
  12. Roger, A., (2006) Transesterification process to manufacture ethyl esters of rapeseed oil. Department of chemical Engineering, University of Idaho, pp.210, Moscow,
  13. Sawyer, R. and Kirk, R.S., (1991) Pearson’s composition and analysis of foods. John Wiley and Sons Inc. pp. 708, New York
  14. Schipper, R.R., (2000) African Indigenous Vegetables: An Overview of the Cultural Species. National Resources Institute/ACP-EU. Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation, Pp 12, Chathman, United Kingdom.
  15. Selvan, P.V., (2007) Understanding the Process of Biodiesel Production. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Brasil

Last update: 2021-06-20 04:01:08

  1. Prandtl number of optimum biodiesel from food industrial waste oil and diesel fuel blend for diesel engine

    Fuel, 127 , 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119049

Last update: 2021-06-20 04:01:08

  1. Prandtl number of optimum biodiesel from food industrial waste oil and diesel fuel blend for diesel engine

    Fuel, 127 , 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119049

  2. Optimization and validation of hydrated magnesium silicate on dry washing purification biodiesel using response surface methodology

    Rudiyanto B.. Energy Procedia, 127 , 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.098

  3. Influence of the rubber seed type and altitude on characteristic of seed, oil and biodiesel

    Salni. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6 (2), 2017. doi: 10.14710/ijred.6.2.157-163