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Teknologi Biodrying untuk Meningkatkan Nilai Kalor Sampah dan Proyeksinya sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif pada Tahun 2028

Departemen Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 28 Sep 2021; Revised: 11 Nov 2021; Accepted: 5 Dec 2021; Available online: 18 Dec 2021; Published: 1 Jan 2022.
Editor(s): H. Hadiyanto

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Abstract

Timbulan municipal solid waste (MSW) akibat industrialisasi, urbanisasi dan pertumbuhan penduduk telah menimbulkan masalah tentang kerusakan lingkungan dan bahaya kesehatan manusia, terutama di negara-negara berkembang. MSW yang mudah terbakar memiliki kandungan proksimat yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai energi alternatif melalui recovery energi dengan metode bio-drying. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengolah MSW menggunakan biodrying dan menghitung potensi MSW sebagai bahan bakar alternative. MSW dari Jatibarang landfill diolah dalam reaktor bio-drying dengan debit aerasi sebesar 6 L/m selama 21 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suhu puncak mencapai 58⁰C pada hari pertama. Kadar air mengalami penurunan hingga 44,65% pada hari ke-21. Nilai kalor mengalami kenaikan 28% dengan nilai tertinggi sebesar 6.049 kal/gr. Produk biodrying dari MSW Jatibarang landfill memiliki potensi 138% sebagai bahan bakar industry.  Potensi penggunaan produk biodrying 100% tercapai pada tahun 2030 bulan ke-6 sebesar 638.367 ton.

ABSTRACT

Municipal solid waste (MSW) generated as a result of industrialization, urbanization, and population growth has created problems of environmental damage and human health hazards, especially in developing countries. Combustible MSW contains proximate which can be utilized as alternative energy through energy recovery by bio-drying method. This study aims to process MSW using biodrying and calculate the potential of MSW as an alternative fuel. MSW from TPA Jatibarang is processed in a bio-drying reactor with an aeration flowrate of 6 L/m for 21 days. The results showed that the peak temperature reached 58⁰C on the first day. The water content decreased to 44.65% on the 21st day. The calorific value increased by 28% with the highest value of 6,049 cal/gr. Biodrying products from MSW Jatibarang landfill have 138% potential as industrial fuel. The potential use of 100% biodrying products is achieved in 2030 in the 6th month of 638,367 tons.

 

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Keywords: biodrying, nilai kalor; limbah perkotaan; bahan bakar; energi

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