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Eliminasi Cairan dengan Target Balans Cairan Negatif pada Pasien Bedah Sesar dengan Gagal Jantung, Penyakit Jantung Kanan, Hipertensi Pulmonal dan Pasca Repair Katup Mitral

1RSUD dr. Djasamen Saragih Pematang Siantar, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

2Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

Revised: 24 Mar 2021; Accepted: 31 Jan 2022; Available online: 3 Feb 2022; Published: 1 Nov 2021.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Kehamilan dengan permasalahan jantung merupakan sebuah tantangan dalam pengelolaan pasien-pasien kritis. Right heart disease (RHD) yang menyebabkan mitral regurgitation (MR) dan selanjutnya diikuti oleh congestive heart failure (CHF) yang terjadi pada ibu hamil menyebabkan fluid overload dengan segala konsekuensinya. Fluid removal dengan target balans cairan negatif merupakan strategi pengelolaan pada kondisi tersebut.

Kasus: Untuk kasus ini, fluid removal dilakukan dengan pemberian diuretik (Furosemide) sejak hari I sampai dengan IV dengan dosis 2-5 mg/jam secara titrasi. Panduan fluid removal yang digunakan adalah kondisi klinis pasien secara umum, ditambah dengan parameter seperti: tekanan darah, heart rate, urine output, balans cairan kumulatif, tingkat kebutuhan akan obat-obat penopang hemodinamik, rasio hemoglobin/hematokrit, ureum, kreatinin, laktat, dan BE (parameter makro dan mikro dinamik).

Pembahasan: Panduan baku tentang fluid removal baik dalam hal volume cairan yang ditarik, durasi, dan timing untuk memulai dan mengakhiri belum ada.

Kesimpulan: Diperlukan monitoring ketat untuk mencapai balans cairan negatif tanpa menimbulkan efek samping.

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Keywords: balans cairan negatif; diuretik; fluid overload; fluid removal; kehamilan

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