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Di Bawah Bayang-Bayang Perubahan Iklim: Transformasi Negara Pembangunan dan Agenda Transisi Energi di Indonesia

Sekolah Tinggi Pembangunan Masyarakat Desa, Yogyakarta, DI Yogyakarta , Indonesia

Open Access Copyright (c) 2024 Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.

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Abstract

Studi ini hendak mendiskusikan transformasi negara pembangunan di Indonesia yang diletakkan dalam tantangan adaptasi perubahan iklim melalui agenda transisi energi di era pemerintahan Jokowi. Rumusan pertanyaan pokok kajian ini: bagaimana agenda perubahan iklim membuka peluang transformasi negara pembangunan yang semakin “hijau” melalui kebijakan transisi energi? Tujuan studi ini: pertama, memikirkan ulang model negara pembangunan Indonesia seiring dengan menguatnya gelombang hijau. Kedua, membangun analisis baru terhadap kebijakan sektor energi. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, kajian ini mengajukan kerangka konseptual tentang global norm yang memuat pola penyebaran norma dan pelokalan norma global. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplanatif-kualitatif yang menggunakan strategi pendekatan studi kasus dengan teknik studi literatur. Kajian Ini menemukan proses transformasi negara pembangunan hijau (green development) dimungkinkan karena proses adaptasi norma menyediakan Insentif berupa: Pertama, reputasi secara politik di mata dunia Internasional dengan mengadopsi standar global tersebut. Kedua, norma tersebut menyediakan basis legitimasi bagi negara dihadapan kelompok-kelompok sosial domestik dengan menunjukkan kepedulian tentang hal itu. Ketiga, dengan menyerap norma global dan kemudian melokalkannya menyediakan insentif peluang ekonomi berupa investasi baru dalam transisi energi. Alhasil, pengarusutamaan diskursus tentang green development justru menciptakan ruang bagi negara untuk mengkonsolidasikan kekuasaannya

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Keywords: climate change; transisi energi; new developmentalism; global norm

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