DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.16.1.1-8

Studi Kinetika Hidrolisis Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) Dengan Proses Fermentasi Padat Menggunakan Jamur Aspergillus niger

*Fitri Nur Kayati  -  Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Siti Syamsiah  -  Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Wahyudi Budi Sediawan  -  Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Sutijan Sutijan  -  Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Received: 12 Nov 2015; Published: 15 May 2016.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Kinetic of hydrolysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) by Solid State Fermentation using Aspergillus niger is studied. Hydrolysis of OPEFB to simple sugars using Aspergillus niger as raw material for other products is a potential alternative of bioconversion of lignocellulose. Formulating the kinetics of hydrolysis during solid substrate cultivication is useful for effective scale up of this technology as well as for better understanding of the process. The aim of this study was to develop kinetics models to describe the solid state fermentation of OPEFB. First, OPEFB were ground and classified by size using screen, with size range of : -30+40 mesh, -40+80 mesh and -80 mesh. It turned out that the proposed based on first order reaction kinetics model can quantitatively describe the process reasionally well. Furthermore, the values of the parameters involved in the kinetics models for each size for OPEFB particle were also obtained. The smaller the particle, the larger the hydrolysis reaction rate constant would be. It means that the rate of hydrolysis increases by the reduction of the particle size. Meanwhile, the sugars consumption rate constant decreases also by the reduction of OPEFB particle size. The highest concentration of simple sugars produced in this experiment was 7,847 g/L.

Kata kunci : kinetic, Aspergillus niger,solid state fermentation, OPEFB, particle size

Hidrolisis tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) menjadi gula sederhana dengan menggunakan jamur Aspergillus niger merupakan alternatif biokonversi lignoselulosa yang potensial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan model kinetika untuk mendiskripsikan proses fermentasi padat dengan bahan baku TKKS. Tahap pertama, TKKS digiling dan dikelompokkan sesuai ukuran dengan menggunakan ayakan,  dengan variasi ukuran antara -30+40 mesh, -40+80 mesh dan -80 mesh. Model kinetika yang telah disusun didasarkan pada reaksi orde satu. Model tersebut dapat menggambarkan secara kuantitatif proses fermentasi tersebut. Selain itu, nilai – nilai parameter dalam kinetika reaksi untuk setiap ukuran partikel juga akan diperoleh dari model tersebut. Semakin kecil ukuran partikel, semakin besar pula konstanta kecepatan reaksi hidrolisis. Sebaliknya konstanta konsumsi gula menurun seiring dengan penurunan ukuran partikel TKKS. Konsentrasi gula sederhana tertinggi yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebesar 7,847% g/L.

 

Kata kunci: kinetika, Aspergillus niger, fermentasi padat, TKKS, ukuran partikel


 

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: kinetic, Aspergillus niger,solid state fermentation, OPEFB, particle size

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Article
Language : EN;IND;
Recent articles
Front Matter Reaktor Vol 16 No. 1 Maret 2016 Karakterisasi Pengemas Kertas Aktif dengan Penambahan Oleoresin dari Ampas Pengepresan Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) Studi Kinetika Hidrolisis Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) Dengan Proses Fermentasi Padat Menggunakan Jamur Aspergillus niger MODIFIED STARCH OF AMORPHOPHALLUSCAMPANULATUS AS A NOVEL ADSORBENT FOR WATERADSORPTION Back Matter Reaktor Vol 16 No. 1 Maret 2016 More recent articles
Most cited articles
IN SITU TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK BIJI MAHONI MENJADI METIL ESTER DENGAN CO-SOLVENT THF (TETRAHYDROFURAN) EKSTRAKSI OLEORESIN DARI KAYU MANIS BERBANTU ULTRASONIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT ALKOHOL KAJIAN AWAL PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK DEDAK PADI DENGAN PROSES ESTERIFIKASI THE OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCTION ZEOLITE Y CATALYST FROM RHA BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY HIDRODISTILASI MINYAK JAHE (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) More cited articles
  1. Abd-Aziz, S., Hung, G.S., Hassan, M.A., Abdul Karim, M.I., and Samad, N., 2008, Indirect method for quantification of cell biomass during solid state fermentation of palm kernel cake based on protein content, Asian Journal of Scientific Research, 1(4), pp. 385-393
  2. Yeh, A-I, Yi-Ching, H., and Chen, S.H., 2010, Effect of particle size on the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, Carbohydrate Polymers, 79, pp. 192-199
  3. Barrington, S., and Kim, J.W., 2008, Response surface optimization of medium components for citric acid production by Aspergillus niger NRRL 567 grown in peat moss, Bioresource Technology, 99, pp. 368–377
  4. Dasari, R.K., & Berson, R. E., 2007, The effect of particle size on hydrolysis reaction rates and rheological properties in cellulosic slurries, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, pp. 289-300
  5. Datta, R., 1981, Acidogenic fermentation of lignocellulose-acid yield and conversion of components, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 23 (9), pp. 2167-2170
  6. Dawson, L., and Boopathy, R., 2008, Cellulosic ethanol production from sugarcane baggase without enzymatic saccharification, BioResources, 3, pp. 452-460
  7. Departemen Pertanian RI, 2014, http://ditjenbun.deptan.go.id/cigraph/index.php/viewstat/ komoditiutama/8-Kelapa%20Sawit, diakses pada tanggal 24 Agustus 2014
  8. Gan, Q., Allen, S.I., and Taylor, G., 2003, Kinetic dynamics in heterogeneous enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose : An overview, an experimental study and mathematical modelling, Process Biochemistry, 38, pp. 1003-1018
  9. Johnston, D.B., Shoemaker, S.P., Smith, G.M., and Whitaker, J.R., 1998, Kinetic measurements of cellulase activity on insoluble substrates using disodium 2, 2’ bicinchoninate, Journal of Food Biochemistry, 22, pp. 301-319
  10. Krishna, C., 2005, Solid state fermentation systems-an overview, Crit.Rev. in Biotechnol., 25(1-2), pp.1-30
  11. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., and Randall, R.J., 1951, Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent, J Biol. Chem., 193, pp. 265-275
  12. Miller, G.L., 1959, Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar, Anal. Chem., 31, pp. 426-428
  13. Nigam, P.S. and Pandey, A., 2009, Solid-state fermentation technology for bioconversion of biomass and agricultural residues, In: Biotechnology for agro-industrial residues utilisation, Edited by: Nigam, P.S. and Pandey, A. Springer Science + Business Media B.V., pp. 197 – 221
  14. Shuler M.L., and Kargi F., 2002. Bioprocess engineering basic concepts, 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall International Inc., New Jersey
  15. Sulhatun, 2005, Pemanfaatan tandan kosong kelapa sawit sebagai sumber lignin, Tesis Program Studi Magister Teknik Kimia Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
  16. Umi Kalsom, M. S., Arbakariya, A., and Karim, M. I. A., 1998, Saccharification of pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber using cellulase of chaetomium globosum, Journal of Agricultural and Food
  17. Widiyanti, S. E., 2014, Kinetika konsumsi glukosa oleh aspergillus niger dalam produksi bioethanol dari lignoselulosa, Tesis Jurusan Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Last update:

  1. Effect of applied sustained load and severe environments on durability performance of carbon-fiber composite cables

    Ahmed H Ali, Hamdy M Mohamed, Brahim Benmokrane, Adel ElSafty. Journal of Composite Materials, 53 (5), 2019. doi: 10.1177/0021998318789742

  2. Durability Performance and Service Life of CFCC Tendons Exposed to Elevated Temperature and Alkaline Environment

    Brahim Benmokrane, Ahmed H. Ali, Hamdy M. Mohamed, Mathieu Robert, Adel ElSafty. Journal of Composites for Construction, 20 (1), 2016. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000606

  3. Optimization of maleic acid pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) using response surface methodology to produce reducing sugars

    Widya Fatriasari, Wildan Ulwan, Tri Aminingsih, Fahriya Puspita Sari, Fitria, Lisman Suryanegara, Apri Heri Iswanto, Muhammad Ghozali, Lutfi Nia Kholida, M. Hazwan Hussin, Ahmad Fudholi, Euis Hermiati. Industrial Crops and Products, 171 , 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113971

  4. Statistical analysis and theoretical predictions of the tensile-strength retention of glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars based on resin type

    Ahmed H Ali, Brahim Benmokrane, Hamdy M Mohamed, Allan Manalo, Adel El-Safty. Journal of Composite Materials, 52 (21), 2018. doi: 10.1177/0021998318755866

  5. Addition of Aspergillus Niger Palm Waste (Animal Feed Alternative)

    Syamsuddin, Harapin Hafid, Rusli Badaruddin, Amiluddin Indi, Natsir Sandiah. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2022. doi: 10.32628/IJSRSET229231

Last update: 2024-11-21 22:45:30

No citation recorded.