DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.19.2.75-83

PENAMBAHAN SUMBER KARBON DALAM MENEKAN PERKEMBANGAN BAKTERI Vibrio sp. PADA BUDIDAYA UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei) SISTEM BIOFLOK

*Asni - Asni  -  Program Studi Ilmu Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian, Perikanan dan PeternakanUniversitas Sembilanbellas November Kolaka, Indonesia
Rahim Rahim  -  Program Studi Ilmu Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian, Perikanan dan Peternakan Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, Indonesia
Anti Landu  -  Program Studi Ilmu Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian, Perikanan dan Peternakan Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, Indonesia
Bambang Asmono  -  Program Studi Ilmu Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian, Perikanan dan Peternakan Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, Indonesia

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Abstract

Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan produk perikanan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Namun dalam pengembangannya, banyak hal menjadi faktor penghambat untuk meningkatkan jumlah produksi udang  yaitu, menjaga kualitas air tetap optimal  dan  menekan laju  pertumbuhan bakteri Vibrio sp. selama pemeliharaan. Salah satu sistem budidaya efektif yang dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan produksi melalui sistem budidaya berbasis teknologi yaitu  sistem bioflok atau Bio Flok Tecnology (BFT).  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja dari sistem bioflok dengan pemberian sumber karbon yang berbeda terhadap perkembangan bakteri Vibrio sp. pada budidaya udang vaname. Penelitian ini  menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap  terdiri dari 3 perlakuan  3 ulangan. Perlakuan A : Bioflok tanpa penambahan karbon, B : Bioflok dengan penambahan molase,  C : Bioflok dengan penambahan tepung tapioka. Hewan uji yang digunakan yaitu udang vaname PL 10 dengan padat tebar 200 ekor/wadah. Parameter pengamatan yaitu kepadatan bakteri Vibrio sp., kepadatan flok, kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan berat mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, rasio konversi pakan, dan N anorganik (TAN dan nitrit). Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan, data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan uji lanjut BNT. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan bakteri Vibrio sp. terendah pada perlakuan B,  C dan A. Penambahan molase memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dalam mengontrol pertumbuhan jumlah bakteri Vibrio sp. dan  menjaga kualitas air terutama pada kandungan amonia dan nitrit, tetapi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan rasio konversi pakan namun berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan berat mutlak dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik udang vaname

 

Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is an aquacultur product that has  sa high economic value. However, in its development, many things become inhibiting factors to increase shrimp production, namely, maintaining optimal water quality and suppressing the growth rate of Vibrio sp bacteria during maintenance. One of the effective cultivation systems developed to increase production through technology-based cultivation systems is the biofloc system or Bio Floc Technology (BFT). This study aims to determine the performance of the biofloc system by providing different carbon sources on the development of Vibrio sp. bacteria in vaname shrimp culture. This study used a completely randomized design consisting of 3 treatments and 3 replications. Treatment A : Biofloc without adding carbon, B : Biofloc with the addition of molasses, C : Biofloc with the addition of tapioca flour. The test animals used were PL 10 vaname shrimp with a stocking density of 200 fish/container. Parameters observed were Vibrio sp. bacterial density, floc density, survival, absolute weight growth, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and inorganic N (TAN and nitrite). To determine the effect of treatment, the data were analyzed using ANOVA with further BNT test. Based on the results of the study showed that the low density of Vibrio sp. bacteria was in treatment B, C and  A. The addition of molasses gave better results in controlling the growth of the number of Vibrio sp. bacteria and maintaining water quality, especially on the content of ammonia and nitrite, but had no significant effect on survival and feed conversion ratio but had a significant effect on absolute weight growth and specific growth rate of white vaname shrimp.

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Keywords: Bioflok; Karbon; Udang Vaname; Vibrio sp

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