DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.119-123

Multi-Feedstocks Biodiesel Production from Esterification of Calophyllum inophyllum Oil, Castor Oil, Palm Oil and Waste Cooking Oil

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

2School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Jl Imam Bardjo, SH, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

3Center of Biomass and RenewableEnergy (C-BIORE), Diponegoro University, Jl Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

4 Faculty of Engineering, Dian Nuswantoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

5 Department of Chemical Engineering, Gadjah MadaUniversity, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

6 Department of Chemical Engineering, Sepuluh November Institute of Technology, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Received: 19 Oct 2019; Revised: 22 Dec 2019; Accepted: 21 Jan 2020; Published: 18 Feb 2020; Available online: 15 Feb 2020.
Editor(s): Anh Tuan Hoang
Open Access Copyright (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Abstract
Biodiesel can be produced from various vegetable oils and animal fat. Abundant sources of vegetable oil in Indonesia, such as Calophyllum inophyllum, Ricinus communis, palm oil, and waste cooking oil, were used as raw materials. Multi-feedstock biodiesel was used to increase the flexibility operation of biodiesel production. This study was conducted to determine the effect of a combination of vegetable oils on biodiesel characteristics. Degumming and two steps of esterification were applied for high free fatty acid feedstock before trans-esterification in combination with other vegetable oils. Potassium hydroxide was used as a homogenous catalyst and methanol as another raw material. The acid value of C. inophyllum decreased from 54 mg KOH/gr oil to 2.15 mg KOH/gr oil after two steps of esterification. Biodiesel yield from multi-feedstock was 87.926% with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1, temperature of 60 ℃, and catalyst of 1%wt. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
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Keywords: Multi-feedstock biodiesel; trans-esterification; calophyllum inophyllum; palm oil; waste cooking oil

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Section: Int. Conf. of Chemical Process and Product Engineering 2019
Language : EN
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