Multi-Feedstocks Biodiesel Production from Esterification of Calophyllum inophyllum Oil, Castor Oil, Palm Oil and Waste Cooking Oil

*H Hadiyanto orcid scopus  -  Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE), Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Apsari Puspita Aini  -  Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE), Indonesia
Widayat Widayat  -  Chemical Engineering Department, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Kusmiyati Kusmiyati  -  Department of Industrial Engineering, Dian Nuswantoro University, Indonesia
Arief Budiman  -  Chemical Engineering Department, Indonesia
Achmad Roesyadi  -  Chemical Engineering Department, Indonesia
Received: 19 Oct 2019; Revised: 22 Dec 2019; Accepted: 21 Jan 2020; Published: 18 Feb 2020; Available online: 15 Feb 2020.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2020 International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

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Article Info
Section: Int. Conf. of Chemical Process and Product Engineering 2019
Language: EN
Full Text:
In Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020
Statistics: 212 221
Abstract
Biodiesel can be produced from various vegetable oils and animal fat. Abundant sources of vegetable oil in Indonesia, such as Calophyllum inophyllum, Ricinus communis, palm oil, and waste cooking oil, were used as raw materials. Multi-feedstock biodiesel was used to increase the flexibility operation of biodiesel production. This study was conducted to determine the effect of a combination of vegetable oils on biodiesel characteristics. Degumming and two steps of esterification were applied for high free fatty acid feedstock before trans-esterification in combination with other vegetable oils. Potassium hydroxide was used as a homogenous catalyst and methanol as another raw material. The acid value of C. inophyllum decreased from 54 mg KOH/gr oil to 2.15 mg KOH/gr oil after two steps of esterification. Biodiesel yield from multi-feedstock was 87.926% with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1, temperature of 60 ℃, and catalyst of 1%wt. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
Keywords
Multi-feedstock biodiesel; trans-esterification; calophyllum inophyllum; palm oil; waste cooking oil

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