Utilization of Iles-Iles and Sorghum Starch for Bioethanol Production

*Kusmiyati Kusmiyati  -  Renewable Energy Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, , Indonesia
Agus Sulistiyono  -  Renewable Energy Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering,
Published: 15 Jul 2014.
Open Access

Citation Format:
Abstract
The aims of this study were to convert the starches from iles-iles tubers (Amorphophalus campanulatus) and sorghum grains (Sorghum bicolor L) into bioethanol as an alternative energy. Both of these agricultural products contains a high content starches and they do not use as the major foods in Indonesia. To find out the maximum ethanol concentration and yield, both the raw materials were converted to ethanol on various process variables including the concentration of flour substrate solution (100-300 g/L), β-amylase enzyme concentration (0.8 - 6.4 ml/kg of flour ), the  concentration of dry yeast S. cerevisiae (2-15 g), and fermentation time (72-168 hours). The results showed that at the flour substrate concentration of 250 g/L produced the maximum ethanol contents of 100.29 g/L and 95.11 g/L   for iles-iles and sorghum, respectively. Effect of β-amylase enzyme in the saccharification process showed that at concentration  of 3.2 ml/kg  the maximum reducing sugar content of 204.94 g/L and 193.15 g/L  for iles-iles and sorghum substrate, respectively were generated therefore it was corresponding to the maximum ethanol production. The concentration effect of dry yeast S. cerevisiae in the fermentation stage for the iles-iles and sorghum substrate revealed that the maximum ethanol obtained at 5 g yeast activated in 100 ml medium starter resulted the highest ethanol content 100.29 g/L 95.11 g/L for iles-iles and sorghum substrate, respectively. To determine the effect of fermentation time on ethanol yield from iles-iles and sorghum substrate, the fermentation process were performed at 3, 5, and 7 days. The maximum ethanol fermentation was obtained at 5 days fermentation. The ethanol yield is calculated by weight of ethanol is formed (g) divided by the weight of flour (g). Based on the experiment results, conducted, generally the highest ethanol yield of iles-iles was higher than that of sorghum flour. The highest yield (g/g) iles-iles and sorghum flour were 71.25 and 68.92 respectively
Keywords: bioenergy; bioethanol; iles-iles; sorghum; S. cerevisiae

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Original Research Article
Language: EN
In Vol 3, No 2 (2014): July 2014
Statistics: 1425 943
Related articles
Co-pelletization of Industrial Sewage Sludge and Rice Straw: Characteristics and Economic Analysis Biohydrogen Production by Reusing Immobilized Mixed Culture in Batch System Ultrasound Assisted Esterification of Rubber Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production Bioethanol Production from Sugarcane Bagasse Using Neurospora intermedia in an Airlift Bioreactor The Utilization of Water Hyacinth for Biogas Production in a Plug Flow Anaerobic Digester Physicochemical Characterization of Native and Steam Explosion Pretreated Wild Sugarcane (Saccharum spontaneum)
  1. Bustaman & Sjahrul (2008) Strategi Pengembangan Bio-Etanol Berbasis Sagu di Maluku. Perspektif, 7(2), 65-79
  2. Cazetta, M.L., Celligoi, M.A.P.C., Buzato, J.B. & Scarmino, I.S. (2007) Fermentation Of Malasses By Zymomonas mobilis Schott)) Effects Of Temperature and Sugar Concentration on Etanol Production. Bioresource Technology, 98, 2824-2828
  3. Chairul & Sofnie, M. 2006. Isolasi Glukomanan dari Dua Jenis Araceae Talas (Colocasia Esesculenta (L.) Schott) dan Iles-iles (Amorphophalus Campanulatus Blumei). Berita Biologi. 8
  4. Eneojo, A. S., Aliyu, S. & Bukbuk, D.N. (2010) Potential of Wild Strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Ethanol Production. American-Eurasian Jurnal of Scientific Research, 5(3), 187-191
  5. Kargi, F. & Ozmıhcı, S. (2006) Utilization of Cheese Whey Powder (CWP) for Etanol Fermentations: Effects of Operating Parameters. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 38, 711-718
  6. Mamma, D., Christakopoulos, P., Koullas, D, Kekos, D., Macris, B. J. & Kouki, E. (1995) An Alternative Approach to the Bioconversion of Sweet Sorghum Carbohydrates to Ethanol. Biomass and Bioenergy, 8 (2), 99-103
  7. Mohanty, S.K., Behera, S., Swain, M.R. & Ray, R.C. (2009) Bioethanol production from mahula (Madhuca latifolia L.) flowers by solid-state fermentation. Applied Energy, 86, 640–644
  8. Manikandan, K & Viruthagiri, T (2010) Kinetic and Optimization studies on Ethanol Production from Corn Flour. International Jurnal of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 5, 32-38
  9. Morris, & Brittany, D. (2009) Economic Feasibity of Etanol Production from Sweet Sorgum Juice in Texas. Southern Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meetings, Atlanta, Georgia
  10. Nahar, K. (2011) Sweet Sorgum: an Alternative Feedstock for Bioetanol. Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment, 2 (1), 58-61
  11. Ocloo, F. C. K. & Ayernor, G. S. (2010). Production of Alcohol from Cassava Flour Hydrolysate. Journal of Brewing and Destilling, 1(2), 15-21
  12. Prasad, S., Singh, A. & Joshi, H.C. (2007) Etanol As An Alternative Fuel From Agricultural, Industrial And Urban Residues. Resources, Conservation And Recycling, 50, 1-39
  13. Ruiz, M.I., Sanchez, C.I, Torrresa R.G. & Molina, D.R. (2011) Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cassava Starch for Production of Bioetanol with a Colombian Wild Yeast Strain. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 22(12), 2337-2343
  14. Sa´nchez, O. & Cardona, C.A. (2008) Trends in Biotechnological Production of Fuel Etanol from Different Feedstocks. Bioresource Technology, 99, 5270-5295
  15. Shewale, S.D. & Pandit, A.B. (2009) Enzymatic Production of Glucose From Different Qualities of Grain Sorgum and Application of Ultrasound to Enhance The Yield. Carbohydrate Research, 344, 52-60
  16. Suhardi. 2010. Harga Tetes Tebu Melambung Tinggi. Solopos 13 Februari 2010. http://www.solopos.com/2010/sukoharjo/harga-tetes-tebu-melambung-tinggi-14650, accessed May 31, 2011 at 13.30 pm
  17. Suresh, K., Sree, N.K., & Rae, L.V. (1999) Utilization of Damaged Sorgum and Rice Grain for Etanol Production by Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation. Biosource Technology, 68, 301-304
  18. Verma, G., Nigam, P., Singh, D. & Chaudhary, C. (2000) Bioconversion of Starch to Etanol in a Single-Step Process by Coculture of Amylolytic Yeast and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 21. Bioresource Technology, 72, 261-266
  19. Voca, N., Varga, B., Kricka, T., Curic,D., Jurisic, V. & Vatin, A. (2009) Progress in Ethanol Production from Corn Kernel by Applying Cooking Pre-treatment. Bioresource Technology, 100, 2712-2718
  20. Zamora, L.L., Calderón, J.A.G., Vázquez, E.T., & Reynoso, E.B. (2010) Optimization of Etanol Production Process from Cassava Starch by Surface Response. Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society, 54 (4), 198-203
  21. Aggarwal, N.K., Nigam, P., Singh, D. & Yadav, B.S. (2001) Process Optimization For The Production Of Sugar For The Bioethanol Industry From Sorghum A Non-Conventional Source Of Starch, World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 17, 411-415

Last update: 2021-05-16 12:52:21

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2021-05-16 12:52:21

  1. Optimization method for bioethanol production from giant Cassava (Manihot esculenta var. Gajah) originated from East Kalimantan

    Candra K.. Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, 19 (1), 2019. doi: 10.22146/ijc.31141

  2. Effects of dilute acid and alkaline pretreatments on enzymatic saccharification of palm tree trunk waste for bioethanol production

    Kusmiyati K.. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 14 (3), 2019. doi: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4256.705-714

This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. Articles are freely available to both subscribers and the wider public with permitted reuse.

All articles published Open Access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read and download. We are continuously working with our author communities to select the best choice of license options: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA). Authors and readers can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, as well as remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, but they must give appropriate credit (cite to the article or content), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.