DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jscl.v6i1.33565

Laborer Identification and Monitoring System: Dactyloscopy on the Plantations of East Sumatra, 1926-1980

*Erond Litno Damanik orcid  -  Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Medan State University, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

This study aims to explore and discuss laborer identification and monitoring systems on East Sumatran plantations during 1926-1980. It is focused on the implementation of dactyloscopy, archives that have never been researched it all, which had replaced the anthropometric identification system as the reference to determine the criminal justice system. The data used is the dactyloscopy archive in the office of the Sumatra Plantation Company Cooperation Agency and the Indonesian Plantation Museum in Medan City. Data were analyzed using a historiographic approach. The study found that dactyloscopy was part of the modernization of the administrative and bureaucratic systems in plantations. The novelty of the study that the implementation of dactyloscopy in plantation communities is in line with the high crime of labor against employers. Therefore, there is a major distinction in the implementation of dactyloscopy before and after the independence which has been influenced by the logic of colonialism and independence. During the colonialism period, dactyloscopy was used to identify and monitor taming laborersin plantations, while post-independence and nationalization it was used as a modern labor control system.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: dactyloscopy, identification, monitoring, laborer, plantation

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Eksistensi Kerajaan Bunga Bali di Alor pada Masa Pemerintahan Raja Baololong Kaay, 1840-1875 Laborer Identification and Monitoring System: Dactyloscopy on the Plantations of East Sumatra, 1926-1980 Belajar dari Kemenangan Jepang pada Perang Tsushima: Pembangunan Kekuatan Militer Melalui Industri Strategis More recent articles
Most cited articles
Batak dan Bukan Batak: Paradigma Sosiohistoris tentang Konstruksi Identitas Etnik di Kota Medan, 1906-1939 Editorial Peranan Perguruan Tinggi di Semarang dalam Pelestarian Wayang Orang Ngesti Pandowo Editorial Kearifan Sistem Religi Lokal dalam Mengintegrasikan Umat Hindu-Islam di Bali More cited articles
  1. Abdullah, T. (2016). Historiografi dalam denyut sejarah bangsa. Kalam: Jurnal Kebudayaan, 28(1), 1-26
  2. Andalas, January 19, 1924. Penyerangan pada Asisten Kebon
  3. Anderson, J. (1971). Mission to the East Coast of Sumatra in 1823. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford in Asia Historical Reprints
  4. Anrooij, F. (2009).De Koloniale Staat, 1854-1942: gids voor het archief van het ministerie van Koloniën: de Indonesische archipel. Den Haag: National Archief
  5. Bangun, P. (1996).Kolonel Maludin Simbolon: Lika liku perjuangannya dalam pembangunan bangsa. Jakarta: Sinar Harapan
  6. Barret, T. (2012). The Chinese diaspora in South-East Asia: The Overseas Chinese in Indo-China. London: I.B. Tauris
  7. Bayly, C. (1996). Empire and information: Intelligence gathering and social communication in India, 1780-1870. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  8. Berry, J., and Stoney, D. (2001). History and development of fingerprinting. In H.C. Lee and R.E. Gaensslen(eds). Advances in Fingerprint Technology. (1-40). Florida: CRC Press
  9. Blink, H. (1926). Opkomst en ontwikkeling van Sumatra als economisch-geografphisch gebied. S-Gravenhage: Mouton
  10. Bool, J. H. (1904). De practijk der Koelie-Ordonannantie. Amsterdam: Hoverer & Wormser
  11. Bosma, Ulbe (2020). Commodification and slavery in the Nineteenth-Century Indonesia Archipelago. Journal of Social History, 54 (2), 109-124. doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shaa009
  12. Bosma, U. (2013). The sugar plantation in India and Indonesia: Industrial production, 1770-2010. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  13. Breman, J. (1992). Koelies, Planters en Koloniale Politiek. Leiden: KITLV Uitgeverig
  14. Breman, J. (1998). Penguasaan tanah dan tenaga kerja Jawa di masa kolonial. Jakarta: LP3ES
  15. Broersma, R. (1919). Ooskust van Sumatra: De ontluiking van Deli. Batavia: Javasche Boekhandel de Drukkerij
  16. Bruin, A. G. de. (1918). De Chineezen ter Ooskust van Sumatra. Leiden: Ooskust van Sumatra Instituut
  17. Buiskool, D. (2005). Medan: A Plantation City on the East Coast of Sumatra 1870-1942. In Freek Colombijn (ed.). Kota lama kota baru: Sejarah kota-kota di Indonesia sebelum dan setelah kemerdekaan. (275-300). Yogyakarta: Ombak
  18. Claver, A. (2014). Dutch commerce and chinese merchants in Java: Colonial relationships in trade and finance, 1800-1942. Leiden & Boston: Brill
  19. Clemens, A.H.P and Lindbald, J. (1986). Het belang van de buitengewesten: Economische expansie en koloniale staatsvorming in de Buitengewesten van Nederlands Indie 1870-1942. Amsterdam: NEHA
  20. Cole, S. (1998). Manufacturing identity: A history of criminal identification techniques from photography through fingerprinting. Ann Arbor: Indiana University Press
  21. Cole, S. (2002) Suspect identities: A history of fingerprinting and criminal identification. Journal of the History of Biology, 35(1), 204-206
  22. Couperus, L. (1924). Oostwaarts. Gravenhage: Leopold
  23. Damanik, E. L. (2020a). Nurturing the collective memory of plantation traces. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 30(2), 121-134. doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.18509
  24. Damanik, E. L. (2020b). Perdagangan dan pemertahanan kuli di perkebunan: Opium di Deli, 1870-1942. Jasmerah, 2(1), 1-19, doi.org/10.24114/jasmerah%20journal.v2i1.17990
  25. Damanik, E. L. (2016a). Danau Toba: Permata mahkota Pulau Sumatra. Medan: Simetri Institute
  26. Damanik, E. L. (2016b). Kisah dari Deli: Historisitas, pluralitas dan modernitas Kota Medan tahun 1870-1942. Medan: Simetri Institute
  27. Damanik, E. L. (2017). Kisah dari Deli: Masalah sosial dan pembangunan di Kota Medan. Medan: Simetri Institute
  28. Damanik, E. L. (2018). Opium di Deli: Perdagangan, konsumsi dan pelarangan, 1774-1956. Medan: Simetri Institute
  29. Damanik, E. L. (2019). Inter-race, religion, and cultural tolerance: the spread of Buddhism by Tjong Family’s in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. In Thich Na Thu (ed.). Buddhism around the world. (329-350). Vietnam: Religion Publisher
  30. Departement van Justitie (1911). Daktyloscopie. Jakarta: ANRI
  31. Devi, T. K. (2004). Poenale sanctie: Studi tentang globalisasi ekonomi dan perubahan hukum di Sumatera Timur, 1870-1950. Medan: USU Press
  32. Dingemans, A. J. E. (1921). In memoriam Mr. J. Van den Brand. De Planters, 12:3822–3824
  33. Dixon, C. J. (1913). De assistent in Deli: Practische opmerkingen met betrekking tot den omgang met koelies. Amsterdam: De Bussy
  34. Djawa Tengah. February 20, 1929. Amerika Serikat dan poenale sanctie
  35. Djawa Tengah. April 1, 1930a. Dihoekoem
  36. Djawa Tengah. April 23, 1930b. Dihoekoem kemaren doeloe
  37. Djawa Tengah. June 21, 1930c. Diberi hoekoeman
  38. Dunn, P. (2003). The City of Medan: the continuation of history. Report of a Mission on Integrated Conservation of Medan’s City Center, No. 20587 MIC
  39. Galton, F. (1892). Fingerprints. London: MacMillan
  40. Haarsma, G. (1889). De Tabakscultuur in Deli. Amsterdam: De Bussy
  41. Hannegraaff, A. (1910). Hoe het thans staat met den assistent en de veiligheid aan de Oostkust van Sumatras. Gravenhage: van der Beek
  42. Hidayat and Damanik. E. L. (2018). Batak dan bukan Batak: Paradigma sosiohistoris tentang konstruksi identitas etnik di Kota Medan, 1906-1939. Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha, 3(2), 71-87
  43. Hoetink, H. R. (1903). De brochure van Mr. Van den Brand over Deli. De Indische Gids, 45, 46-17
  44. Houben, V. J. (1999). Coolie labour in colonial Indonesia: A study of labour relations in the Outer Island, c. 1900-1940. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz
  45. Irwin, G. (1995). Sumber-sumber sejarah Belanda. In Soedjatmoko (ed.). Historiografi Indonesia: Sebuah pengantar. (208-227). Jakarta: Gramedia
  46. Janssen, C.W and Bool, H.J. (1939). Senembah Maatschappij 1889-1939. Amsterdam: Boek-en kunstdrukkerij
  47. Kartodirdjo, S. (1991). Sejarah perkebunan di Indonesia: Kajian sosial ekonomi. Yogyakarta: Aditya Media Publishing
  48. Kian-Wie, T. (1977). Plantation agriculture and export growth: An economic history of East Sumatera, 1863-1942. Jakarta: LIPI
  49. Kooreman, P. J. (1903). De koelie-ordonanntie tot regeling van de rechtsverbouding tusschen werkgevers en werklieden in de residentie Ooskust van Sumatra toegelicht: Lezing. Amsterdam: De Bussy
  50. Kooremann, P. J. (1904). Get debat in de Tweede Kamer der Staten-Generaal over het rapport-Rhemrev. Organ der Vereeniging Moederland en Kolonien, 5(1),1–80
  51. Lamond, G. (2011). An introduction to dactyloscopy. Retrieved from URLOctober 10, 2019, from http://www.crimtrac.gov.au/systems_projects/Fingerprints.html
  52. Langenberg, M. (1976). National revolution in North Sumatra: Sumatera Timur and Tapanuli 1942–1950. Sydney: Sydney University Press
  53. Lubis, M. (1982). Kuli kontrak. Jakarta: Sinar Harapan
  54. Lulofs, M. S. (1987). Koelie. Oxford: Oxford University Press
  55. Maceo, A. (2005). The basis for the uniqueness and persistence of scars in the friction ridge skin. Fingerprint Whorld, 121(31),147–161
  56. Maceo, A. (2009). Friction ridge skin: Morphogenesis and overview. In A. Jamieson A (Ed.). Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science (1322-1331). Chichester, UK: Wiley
  57. Malaka, T. (2014). Dari penjara ke penjara. Jakarta: Narasi
  58. Maltoni, D. (2009). Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition (2nd ed.). London: Springer
  59. McKeown, A. (2008). Melancholy order: Asian migration and the globalization of borders. New York: Columbia University Press
  60. Meijer, D. H. (1926). Dactyloscopie voor Nederlandsch-Indie. Koloniale Studien, 9, 908–947
  61. Middendorf, W. (1929). The administration of the outer provinces of the Netherlands Indie. In B. Schrieke (Ed.). The Effect of Western Influence on Native Civilisations in the Malay Archipelago. (34-70). Batavia: Royal Batavia Society of Arts and Sciences
  62. Misbach, I. (2010).Dahsyatnya sidik jari: Menguak bakat dan potensi untuk merancang masa depan melalui fingerprint analysis. Jakarta: Visi Media
  63. Mondan, A. and Suryo, D. (1992). Bayang-bayang harapan di Tanah Dollar: Penderitaan kuli kontrak perkebunan di Sumatera Timur.Yogyakarta: UGM Press
  64. Monson, K. L. (2019). The permanence of friction ridge skin and persistence of friction ridge skin and impressions: A comprehensive review and new results. Forensic Science International, 297: 111-131. doi.org/doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.01.046
  65. Mulier, W. J. H. (1903). Arbeidstoestanden op de Ooskust van Sumatra. Medan: Deli Courant
  66. Nas, P. J. M. (1997). Colonial City. Leiden: University of Leiden
  67. National Institute of Justice (2016). The Fingerprints: Sourcebook. Washington, D.C.: Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs
  68. Nugteren, B. (2016). The impossible colonial border: Chinese migration and immigration policies in the Netherlands East Indies, 1880-1912. Leiden: Leiden University
  69. O’Malley, W. (1977). Indonesia in the Great Depression: A study of East Sumatera and Jogjakarta in the 1930s. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University
  70. Pankanti, S., Prabhakar, S., and Jain, A. (2002). On the individuality of fingerprints. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 24(8),1010-1025
  71. Passchier, C. (1995). Medan, urban development by Planters and Entrepreneurs, 1870-1940. In P.J.M. Nas (Ed.). Issues in Urban Development: Case studies from Indonesia. (47-64). Leiden: CNWS Publication
  72. Pelzer, K. J. (1978). Planter and peasant: Colonial policy and the agrarian struggle in East Sumatra 1863-1947. Leiden: Brill
  73. Perret, D. (2010). Kolonialisme dan etnisitas: Batak dan Melayu di Sumatera Timur Laut. Jakarta: KPG dan EFEO-Jakarta
  74. Pewarta Deli. February 25, 1930. Perkara djimat dalam keboen. Toedjoeh orang mandoer dan koeli dimoeka pengadilan
  75. Pewarta Deli. October 1, 1931.Poenale sanctie dihapuskan
  76. Rafael, V. (1999). Figures of criminality in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Colonial Vietnam. Ithaca: Cornell University Southeast Asia Program
  77. Reid, A.(1970). Early Chinese migration into North Sumatera. In J. Chen and N. Tarling (Eds). Studies in the social history of China and Southeast Asia. (293-317). London: Cambridge University Press
  78. Reid, A. (1979). The blood of the people: Revolution and the end of traditional rule in Northern Sumatra. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press
  79. Rookmaker, H.(1904). Voordracht gehouden op 18 november voor de Nederlansche afdeeling van de Nederlansch-Indische Maatschappij van Nijverheied en Landbouw. De Indische Mercuur, 27: 808-816
  80. Said, M. (1976). Medan area merebut kemerdekaan. Medan: Biro Sejarah Prima
  81. Said, M. (1977). Koelie kontrak tempo doeloe dengan derita dan kemarahannya: Suatu zaman gelap di Deli. Medan: Waspada
  82. Sairin, S. (2014). Dari ancak ke ancak: Buruh Jawa di perkebunan Sumatera Utara pada masa Orde Baru. Yogyakarta: UGM Press
  83. Setiono, B. (2002). Tionghoa dalam pusaran politik. Jakarta: Elkasa
  84. Soegiri and Cahyono, E. (2003). Gerakan serikat buruh jaman Kolonial Belanda hingga Orde Baru. Jakarta: Hasta Mitra
  85. Stoler, A. L. (1985). Capitalism and confrontation in Sumatra's plantation belt, 1870-1979. New Haven: Yale University Press
  86. Supomo, I. (1970). Pengantar Hukum Perburuhan. Jakarta: Djambatan
  87. Tilley, L. (2020). A strange industrial order: Indonesia’s racialized plantation ecologies and anticolonial estate worker rebellions. History of the Present, 10(1), 1-25
  88. Torpey, J. (2000). The invention of the passport: Surveillance, citizenship, and the state. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
  89. Tortora, G. J. and Grabowski, S. R. (1993). Principles of anatomy and physiology. New York: Harper Collins
  90. van den Brand, J. (1902). De Millioenen uit Deli. Amsterdam: Hoveker & Wormser
  91. van den Burg, C. L. (1898). Bespreking van Dr. P. Adriani, Medische herinneringen aan Deli en Langkat (oost-Sumatra). Tijdschrift van Het Koninklijk Nederlansch Aardrijkskunding Genootschap, 15, 740-743
  92. Waits, M. R. (2016). The indexical trace: A visual interpretation of the history of fingerprinting in Colonial India. Visual Culture in Britain, 17(1),18–32
  93. Wettum, M. (2010). Chineesche toestanden in Deli: Daktyloscopie. Chineesche toestanden in Deli: Daktyloscopie in: ’Missive van Directeur Justitie Nederburgh, 22 Juli No 843 aan de Raad van Nederlands-Indië en de Gouverneur-Generaal. Jakarta: ANRI

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-12-23 21:30:55

No citation recorded.